Female Reproductive System Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is the infundibulum?

The infundibulum is the first section of the uterine tube (oviduct) and is a funnel-like structure that receives the oocyte via finger-like projections, called fimbria.

What is the ampulla?

The ampulla is the section of the uterine tube (oviduct) where the oocyte is fertilised. If fertilisation fails, the oocyte is reabsorbed.

What is the isthmus?

The isthmus is the third section of the uterine tube (oviduct) and joins the uterus.

What is the zona pellucida?

The zona pellucida is a thick matrix surrounding the developing oocyte, important for oocyte development, protection, fertilisation, sperm binding, and prevention of polyspermy and premature implantation. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of the uterus?

The uterine horns, the body, and the cervix. Signup and view all the answers

What are the seven features of a Graafian follicle?

Theca externa, theca interna, follicular fluid, antrum, corona radiata, zona pellucida, nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

What is a corpus luteum?

It's a yellow body within the ovary that forms from an ovarian follicle after releasing a mature egg and secretes progesterone to help maintain pregnancy. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main structures of the female reproductive system?

Ovaries, uterine tubes (oviducts), uterus, vagina, vulva. Signup and view all the answers

What is an atretic follicle?

Atretic follicles are follicles that have not had a chance to develop, most did not develop beyond being a primary follicle. Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of the female reproductive tract?

<ol> <li>Development, maturation, and transport of gametes; 2. Supporting gametes; 3. Pregnancy and parturition.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is the corona radiata?

The corona radiata is a collection of granulosa cells that surround the oocyte and zona pellucida, protecting the oocyte and serving as a barrier for sperm. Signup and view all the answers

Which epithelium is found in oviducts?

Ciliated cuboidal and non-ciliated (peg) epithelium. Signup and view all the answers

Which main hormone is vital to folliculogenesis?

FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone). Signup and view all the answers

Where do the ampulla and isthmus meet?

The ampulla meets the isthmus at the ampullary-isthmic junction. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main layers of tissue within the uterus?

The endometrium, myometrium, and serosa. Signup and view all the answers

Name the three sections of the uterine tube (oviduct).

Infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus. Signup and view all the answers

What is corpus albicans?

It's a white body within the ovary, a fibrous scar that occurs after macrophages have broken down a corpus luteum. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Female Reproductive System

Infundibulum: First section of the uterine tube; funnel-shaped with fimbriae that capture the oocyte.
Ampulla: Location of fertilisation in the uterine tube; if fertilisation does not occur, the oocyte is reabsorbed.
Isthmus: Third section of the uterine tube; connects to the uterus.

Oocyte Development

Zona Pellucida: Thick glycoprotein membrane surrounding the developing oocyte; essential for oocyte development, sperm binding, and preventing polyspermy.
Grafian Follicle: Mature follicle with seven key features: theca externa, theca interna, follicular fluid, antrum, corona radiata, zona pellucida, and nucleus.
Atretic Follicles: Non-developing follicles, often stagnating at the primary stage; can undergo atresia at any development phase.

Structures and Functions of the Female Reproductive System

Uterus Components: Comprised of uterine horns, body, and cervix.
Main Structures: Ovaries, uterine tubes (oviducts), uterus, vagina, and vulva.
Functions of the Female Reproductive Tract:
- Development, maturation, and transport of gametes.
- Support for pregnancy and parturition.

Hormonal Influence

Corpus Luteum: A yellow body in the ovary formed post-ovulation; secretes progesterone and some estrogen to support pregnancy. If no fertilisation occurs, it degenerates into a corpus albicans.
Folliculogenesis: Requires FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone), produced by gonadotrophs in the anterior pituitary.

Histology and Tissue Layers

Epithelial Types in Oviducts: Composed of ciliated cuboidal and non-ciliated (peg) epithelial cells.
Uterine Tissue Layers: Three layers of tissue: endometrium (innermost), myometrium (muscular layer), and serosa (outer layer).

Junction Points

Ampullary-Isthmic Junction: The meeting point of the ampulla and isthmus in the uterine tube.

Additional Definitions

Corona Radiata: Layer of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte; protects the oocyte and is essential for fertilisation.
Corpus Albicans: A fibrous scar left in the ovary after the breakdown of a corpus luteum by macrophages.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the female reproductive system, including the structures, functions, and processes involved in oocyte development. This quiz covers key components like the infundibulum and the Grafian follicle, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of this vital biological system.