Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which layer of the uterus corresponds to the tunica muscularis?
Which layer of the uterus corresponds to the tunica muscularis?
What is the function of the fimbriae in the oviducts?
What is the function of the fimbriae in the oviducts?
Which part of the oviduct is where fertilization usually takes place?
Which part of the oviduct is where fertilization usually takes place?
What is the name of the layer between the inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of the myometrium?
What is the name of the layer between the inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of the myometrium?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the first region of the oviduct?
What is the name of the first region of the oviduct?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the layer of the uterus that corresponds to the tunica mucosa?
What is the name of the layer of the uterus that corresponds to the tunica mucosa?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the corpus luteum?
What is the primary function of the corpus luteum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the process of follicular degeneration and removal by phagocytic cells?
What is the term for the process of follicular degeneration and removal by phagocytic cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the layer of cells that surrounds the primary oocyte in a primordial follicle?
What is the name of the layer of cells that surrounds the primary oocyte in a primordial follicle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the uterine tubes (oviducts)?
What is the primary function of the uterine tubes (oviducts)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the remnant that persists on the surface of the ovary after luteolysis?
What is the name of the remnant that persists on the surface of the ovary after luteolysis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the process of releasing the secondary oocyte from the graafian follicle?
What is the term for the process of releasing the secondary oocyte from the graafian follicle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the layer of cells that immediately surrounds the zona pellucida?
What is the name of the layer of cells that immediately surrounds the zona pellucida?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the relaxin hormone produced by the corpus luteum?
What is the primary function of the relaxin hormone produced by the corpus luteum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the layer of cells that covers the surface of the ovary?
What is the name of the layer of cells that covers the surface of the ovary?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the fluid-filled intercellular spaces that accumulate in the secondary follicle?
What is the name of the fluid-filled intercellular spaces that accumulate in the secondary follicle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?
What is the primary function of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?
Signup and view all the answers
Which phase of spermatogenesis involves the transformation of a haploid spermatid to a haploid spermatozoon?
Which phase of spermatogenesis involves the transformation of a haploid spermatid to a haploid spermatozoon?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
What is the main function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
Signup and view all the answers
Which structure is responsible for delivering spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?
Which structure is responsible for delivering spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the seminal vesicle in the male reproductive system?
What is the primary function of the seminal vesicle in the male reproductive system?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a region of the epididymis?
Which of the following is NOT a region of the epididymis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of the bulbourethral gland in the male reproductive system?
What is the main function of the bulbourethral gland in the male reproductive system?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone is responsible for regulating the development of Müllerian ducts in the male reproductive system?
Which hormone is responsible for regulating the development of Müllerian ducts in the male reproductive system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?
What is the primary function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of the tunica albuginea in the male reproductive system?
What is the main function of the tunica albuginea in the male reproductive system?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Female Reproductive System
- Consists of: ovaries, uterine tubes (oviducts/fallopian tubes), uterus, cervix, vagina, external genitalia, and associated glands
- Ovaries:
- Surface covered by a single layer of cells called the germinal epithelium
- Divided into outer cortex and inner medulla
- Cortex contains connective tissue stroma that houses ovarian follicles in various stages of development
- Medulla contains loose connective tissue and blood vessels
- Ovarian follicles:
- Primordial follicle: most primitive, composed of a single layer of squamous follicular cells (granulosa cells) surrounding the primary oocyte
- Primary follicle: follicular cells become cuboidal in shape, with 2 types (unilaminar and multilaminar) depending on the number of layers of follicular cells surrounding the primary oocyte
- Secondary (antral) follicle: similar to primary follicles, but with accumulations of liquor folliculi, forming a fluid-filled antrum
- Graafian (mature) follicle: undergoes ovulation, releasing the secondary oocyte from the graafian follicle
- Follicular atresia: degenerative process in which follicular cells and oocytes undergo apoptosis and removal by phagocytic cells
- Corpus hemorrhagicum and corpus luteum:
- Corpus hemorrhagicum: formed from the remnants of the graafian follicle, characterized by the presence of blood in its antrum
- Corpus luteum: a temporary endocrine gland secreting hormones (progesterone, estrogen, and relaxin)
- Oviducts (Fallopian Tubes):
- Lined by simple columnar epithelium with secretory and ciliated cells
- Act as a conduit for spermatozoa to reach the primary oocyte and to convey the fertilized egg to the uterus
- Regions: infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and intramural region
- Uterus:
- A muscular organ consisting of a fundus, body, and cervix
- Histologic structure: endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium
Male Reproductive System
- Consists of: testes, intratesticular and extratesticular genital ducts, accessory glands, and penis
- Testes:
- Located in the scrotum
- Surrounded by an irregular DWFCT: tunica albuginea
- Divided into testicular lobules containing sparse CT with endocrine interstitial cells (Leydig cells) and seminiferous tubules
- Seminiferous tubules:
- Where sperm production occurs
- Sertoli (sustentacular) cells provide support, protection, and nutrition to developing spermatogenic cells, and produce and release androgen-binding protein (ABP) and the hormone inhibin
- Spermatogenesis:
- Process of producing haploid male gametes
- 3 phases: spermatocytogenesis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis
- Epididymis:
- Lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia
- Regions: head, body, and tail
- Ductus (vas) deferens:
- Lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia
- Delivers spermatozoa from tail of epididymis to ejaculatory duct
- Ejaculatory duct:
- Lined by simple columnar epithelium
- Delivers spermatozoa and seminal fluid to prostatic urethra
- Male accessory glands:
- Seminal vesicle: produces a viscous, yellow fructose-rich seminal fluid
- Prostate gland:
- Largest male accessory sex gland
- Consists of a varying number of individual tubuloalveolar glands
- 2 topographical parts: body (corpus prostatae) and disseminate part (pars disseminata prostatae)
- Bulbourethral gland (Cowper's gland): secretes a thick, slippery fluid containing galactose and sialic acid, coating and lubricating the urethra
Penis
- Composed of three columns of erectile tissue: dorsally (2 columns of corpora cavernosa) and ventrally (corpus spongiosum)
- 2 types: vascular and fibrous
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about the female reproductive system, its components, and their functions. Explore the anatomy and structure of ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, and external genitalia.
