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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the ovaries?
What is the primary function of the ovaries?
- Production of sperm cells
- Regulation of the menstrual cycle
- Supporting the uterine wall
- Production of ova and female sex hormone (correct)
What is the outer layer of the ovary composed of?
What is the outer layer of the ovary composed of?
- Medulla
- Fibroelastic connective tissue
- Germinal epithelium (correct)
- Cortex
What type of epithelium forms the ovarian follicles?
What type of epithelium forms the ovarian follicles?
- Stratified epithelium
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- Cuboidal epithelium (correct)
- Simple columnar epithelium
What is the fluid-filled space within the secondary follicle called?
What is the fluid-filled space within the secondary follicle called?
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What is the mature Graafian follicle characterized by?
What is the mature Graafian follicle characterized by?
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What happens to the mature Graafian follicle after ovulation?
What happens to the mature Graafian follicle after ovulation?
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What is the innermost layer of the uterus wall composed of?
What is the innermost layer of the uterus wall composed of?
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What type of epithelium lines the endometrium?
What type of epithelium lines the endometrium?
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Study Notes
Ovary
- Produces ova and female sex hormones
- Composed of outer cortex and inner medulla
- Medulla formed of fibroelastic connective tissue with abundant blood vessels and smooth muscle fibers
- Cortex covered by germinal epithelium, consists of ovarian follicles in various stages of development in a dense stroma
Ovarian Follicles
- Consist of primordial, primary, secondary, and mature follicles
- Primordial follicle: primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of flat follicular cells
- Primary follicle: follicular cells transform into cuboidal then stratified epithelium (granulosa cells), ovum surrounded by zona pellucida
- Secondary follicle: intercellular spaces develop in granulosa cells, filled with liquor folliculi, and stromal cells condense to form theca cells
- Mature Graafian follicle: cavities unite to form follicular antrum, occupies the whole thickness of the cortex, ovum anchored by cumulus oophorus
Ovulation and Corpus Luteum
- Ovulation: hormone-stimulated process by which the oocyte is released from the ovary, occurs midway through the menstrual cycle
- After ovulation, the mature Graafian follicle changes into corpus luteum
Uterus
- Wall composed of endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium
- Endometrium: composed of epithelium and lamina propria
- Epithelium: simple columnar epithelium, partially ciliated and partially secretory
- Lamina propria: dense collagenous connective tissue containing several cells and fibers, contains endometrial glands
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