30 Questions
What is the correct order of follicular development stages in the female reproductive system?
Primary, Pre-antral, Antral
What is the function of the theca cells in follicular development?
Production of estrogen
How does the dominant follicle maintain its status during folliculogenesis?
By having more FSH receptors
What is the role of aromatase in folliculogenesis?
Production of estrogen
How is the selection of the dominant follicle regulated in the menstrual cycle?
By decreasing FSH levels with increasing estrogen
What happens to the oocytes in the follicles that are not selected for further development?
They are removed by atresia
What is the main role of estrogens in the female reproductive system?
Regulating cognitive functions
Which gland lubricates the vagina?
Bartholin’s glands
What is the pH of the vagina due to its acidic environment?
Acidic
What is the primary role of progesterone in the female reproductive system?
Supporting uterus readiness for implantation
Which hormone is responsible for breast development and pelvis widening in females?
Estrogens
What is the 'default' path for the development of internal and external genitalia?
Female
What is the primary function of androgens in relation to female reproductive physiology?
Increase libido and vaginal secretions
Which of the following statements accurately describes the anatomy of the ovaries?
The medulla contains the stroma, interstitial cells, and blood vessels, while the cortex contains follicles at different stages of development.
During which stage of embryonic development do primordial germ cells become oogonia?
In the genital ridge
Which of the following statements is true regarding the formation of primordial follicles?
Primordial follicles are formed when oogonia differentiate into primary oocytes and become surrounded by a single layer of follicular cells.
What is the DNA content of primary oocytes at birth?
4n
Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of follicular recruitment at puberty?
Some resting primordial follicles are recruited into the follicular cycle at puberty under the control of FSH.
Which of the following statements about granulosa cells is correct?
They produce progesterone and estrogens in response to FSH.
Which binding globulin is responsible for transporting serum estrogens?
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)
What is the primary mechanism of action for estrogen and progesterone?
Liganded receptor dimerization, followed by binding to nuclear receptors and transcription of target genes.
What is the role of activin in the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?
Both B and C are correct.
Which hormone provides negative feedback on FSH during the follicular phase?
Inhibin B
What is the normal implantation site for a blastocyst in the uterus?
The upper half of the uterine cavity
What is the fate of the primary oocyte from the dominant antral follicle?
Completes meiosis I and starts meiosis II, but stops at metaphase of Meiosis 2, forming a secondary oocyte and a first polar body.
What hormone surge is responsible for triggering ovulation?
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
What leads to the rupture of the follicle and release of the oocyte during ovulation?
Stimulation of luteinisation of pre-ovulatory granulosa cells by LH surge, leading to cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) upregulation
Where does fertilization usually occur?
Ampulla of the oviduct (Fallopian tube)
What event triggers the completion of meiosis II for the secondary oocyte?
Penetration by sperm in the zona pellucida (ZP)
What happens to the oocyte 24 hours after ovulation?
It remains arrested in metaphase II.
Explore the functions and features of the female reproductive system, including the structure of the vagina, hormonal regulation, and developmental processes. Learn about the importance of estrogen, gamete production, and more.
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