GA P3 : Female Canine Reproductive Structures

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Questions and Answers

Which part of the female canine reproductive structure is homologous to the male penis?

  • Clitoral fossa
  • Vulva
  • Clitoris (correct)
  • Vestibule

The vestibule is located between the cervix and the vulva.

False (B)

What is the function of the vestibular bulbs in the female canine reproductive system?

They contain erectile tissue and lock during copulation.

The ridge-like projection on the vestibulovaginal junction is called the ______.

<p>urethral tubercle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following structures with their descriptions:

<p>Clitoral fossa = Depression in the vestibule containing the clitoris Urethral tubercle = Ridge-like projection on the vestibulovaginal junction Dorsal tubercle = Entrance to the vagina Ventral tubercle = Entrance into the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Contagious equine metritis (CEM)?

<p>Through breeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The clitoral sinuses are one of the areas to swab in a mare for testing for CEM.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the female urethra open in the female dog?

<p>At the vestibulovaginal junction</p> Signup and view all the answers

In equine, CEM is a ______ disease.

<p>bacterial</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ________ is a blind space where the vagina ends internally and protrudes into the cervix.

<p>Vaginal fornix</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vaginal fornix is dorsal to the cervix

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT listed as making catheterization and endoscopy difficult?

<p>Cervical canal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The uterus is solely responsible for fetal nourishment.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What artery supplies blood to the uterus?

<p>Uterine artery and the uterine branch of the ovarian artery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The uterus is suspended by the ______ of the broad ligament.

<p>mesometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

The uterus consists of what three things?

<p>The cervix, uterine body, and uterine horns</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the caudal to cranial landmarks/structures of cervix

<p>Vagina, external uterine ostium, cervical canal, internal uterine ostium and uterine body</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ovarian bursa?

<p>Encloses each ovary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The mesosalpinx is responsible for attaching the ovary to the lateral body wall.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ligament connects the ovary to the uterine horn?

<p>Proper ligament of the ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ ligament of the uterus extends from the uterine horn to the inguinal canal.

<p>round</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ovarian structures with their descriptions:

<p>Medulla = Interior portion containing vessels and lymphatics Cortex = Outer portion where ovulation occurs Suspensory ligament = Cranial extent of the mesovarium Mesovarium = Attaches ovary to the dorsolateral body wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vaginal fornix is not present in the SOW

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species have a diffuse placenta?

<p>Sow and mare</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cotelydons on the placenta fuse with the ____ on the mother to form a _______

<p>The cotelydons on the placenta fuse with the caruncles on the mother to form a placentome</p> Signup and view all the answers

This ligament is between the uterine horns

<p>Intercornual ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

The left ovarian vein drains into the ________ vein

<p>The left ovarian vein drains into the left renal vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

The right ovarian vein drains into the ________

<p>The right ovarian vein drains into the caudal vena cava</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are 3 specific components of the broad ligament. Match to the correct description of each component

<p>Mesometrium = Supports the uterus; contains the round ligament of uterus Mesovarium = Supports the ovary; attaches ovary and its ligaments to lateral part of sublumbar region Mesosalpinx = Supports the uterine tube Free bee = Free bee</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ovulation in the mare only occurs at one location, the ________

<p>Ovulation in the mare only occurs at one location, the ovulation fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species has a bicornuate uterus that has poor to moderate developed uterine horns?

<p>mare and cow</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species have bicornuate uterus with highly developed uterine horns?

<p>Bitch, queen, sow</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cow has four mammary glands called _______

<p>The cow has four mammary glands called quarters</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cow has a suspensory apparatus, the two components are the ______ and _______

<p>the cow has a suspensory apparatus, the two components are the lateral laminae (fibrous) and medial laminae (elastic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the cow, each mammary gland has one duct system per teat

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the mare, each gland consists of ___ duct systems

<p>2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What supplies the mammae in the MARE AND BOVINE

<p>the external and internal pudendal artery (cranial/caudal mammary aa) and internal pudendal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two veins combine to form the milk vein or subcutaneous abdominal vein?

<p>The cranial and caudal superficial epigastric veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the milk vein perforate the abdominal wall?

<p>At the milk well.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the milk vein become after it perforates the abdominal wall?

<p>The internal thoracic vein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body does the milk vein travel towards after forming?

<p>Cranially.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the milk vein in veterinary anatomy?

<p>It plays a role in the venous drainage of the abdomen and thoracic region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Female Canine Vulva

The external genitalia of a female dog, consisting of two labia.

Clitoral Fossa

The depression in the vulva near the ventral commissure containing the clitoris.

Urethral Tubercle

A ridge-like structure at the vestibulovaginal junction, unique to dogs.

Vestibular Bulbs

Erectile tissues within the vestibule; important during copulation.

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External Urethral Orifice

The exterior opening for the urethra.

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CEM

A bacterial disease spread through breeding in horses.

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Swabbing Sites for CEM

The clitoral sinuses, clitoral fossa, and cervix are the areas swabbed in mares to detect CEM.

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Vestibulovaginal Junction

The point where the female urethra opens in the dog, surrounded by the urethralis muscle.

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Urethralis Muscle

Muscle surrounding the female urethra in the dog, helping with urination and potentially some reproductive functions.

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Female Canine Urethra

The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body, opening at the vestibulovaginal junction.

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Vaginal Fornix

A recess or pouch found at the vaginal vault, surrounding the cervix.

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Dorsal Median Longitudinal Fold

A ridge running along the dorsal wall of the vagina, aiding in sperm transport.

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Uterine Artery

Blood supply to the uterus comes primarily from this artery.

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Mesometrium

Part of the broad ligament that suspends the uterus within the pelvic cavity.

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What are the two main parts of the ovary?

The ovary is composed of the medulla, the inner portion containing vessels and lymphatics, and the cortex, the outer portion where ovulation occurs.

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What is the ovarian bursa?

The ovarian bursa is a sac-like structure that encloses each ovary. It's formed by the mesovarium and mesosalpinx, two peritoneal folds.

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What are the broad ligaments?

The broad ligaments are peritoneal folds that attach the female genital tract to the lateral body wall. They include the mesovarium, mesosalpinx, and mesometrium.

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What is the suspensory ligament of the ovary?

The suspensory ligament of the ovary is a cranial extension of the mesovarium. It helps attach the ovary to the dorsolateral body wall.

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What is the proper ligament of the ovary?

The proper ligament of the ovary is a continuation of the suspensory ligament. It connects the ovary to the uterine horn and is a remnant of the gubernaculum.

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Milk Vein

A subcutaneous abdominal vein formed by the cranial and caudal superficial epigastric veins. It travels cranially, perforates the abdominal wall at the milk well, and becomes the internal thoracic vein.

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Internal Thoracic Vein

The vein that the milk vein becomes after perforating the abdominal wall at the milk well.

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Cranial Superficial Epigastric Vein

One of the veins that contribute to the formation of the milk vein. It travels along the ventral abdominal wall.

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Caudal Superficial Epigastric Vein

One of the veins that contribute to the formation of the milk vein. It travels along the ventral abdominal wall.

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Milk Well

The point where the milk vein perforates the abdominal wall.

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Study Notes

Female Canine Reproductive Structures

  • The vulva's labia are supplied by the internal and external pudendal arteries.
  • The clitoral fossa is a depression near the ventral commissure, containing the clitoris.
  • The clitoris is homologous to the male penis and has erectile tissue.
  • In mares, clitoral sinuses are on the glans' periphery.
  • The vestibule is between the vagina and vulva, housing the urethral tubercle, external urethral orifice, and vestibular bulbs.
  • The urethral tubercle is a ridge at the vestibulovaginal junction, unique to dogs.
  • The dorsal tubercle is the vaginal entrance, and the ventral tubercle leads to the urethra.
  • The ventral tubercle is a landmark for urinary catheter placement.
  • The external urethral orifice is the urethra's external opening.
  • Vestibular bulbs are erectile tissue within the vestibule, constricting during copulation.

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