Retroviridae: FIV

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Questions and Answers

Which type of virus is Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)?

  • Gammaretrovirus
  • Lentivirus (correct)
  • Coronavirus
  • Parvovirus

What is the incubation period of FIV?

  • 2-3 weeks
  • 6 months
  • Up to 6 years (correct)
  • 1 year

What is the primary consequence of FIV infection?

  • Increased red blood cell production
  • Immune system suppression, leading to increased infections and cancers (correct)
  • Neurological disease
  • Enhanced immune response

Which group of cats is at the highest risk of FIV infection?

<p>Free-roaming aggressive male cats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for FIV?

<p>Bite wounds from infected cats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which wild felines can be infected with FIV?

<p>Snow leopards, lions, tigers, jaguars, Florida panthers, and bobcats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary modes of FIV transmission ?

<p>Deep bite wounds and scratches</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sexual contact is also considered a major means of spreading FIV

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sexual and in utero infections are rare for FIV

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune cells are the primary targets of FIV replication?

<p>CD4+ T cells, B cells, and macrophages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors does FIV bind to on activated CD4+ T cells?

<p>CD134 (TNFRSF4) and CD184 (CXCR4) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key effect of FIV infection on the immune system?

<p>Activation of CD4+/CD25+ T regulatory cells (Tregs), leading to deeper immunosuppression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains why LYMPHOPENIA occurs in FIV-infected cats?

<p>FIV infection leads to CD4+ T cell depletion and impaired immune regulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common early clinical sign of FIV infection?

<p>Poor coat condition and persistent fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign of FIV?

<p>Increased red blood cell production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which severe oral condition is associated with FIV?

<p>Feline Lymphocytic-Plasmocytic Gingivostomatitis (LPGS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reproductive complication has been reported in FIV-infected queens?

<p>Abortions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test is the most common, rapid, and reliable for detecting FIV?

<p>ELISA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PCR detect in FIV diagnosis?

<p>Viral RNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic method is particularly useful for detecting FIV infection in kittens born from FIV-positive mothers?

<p>PCR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary approach to managing FIV-positive cats?

<p>Symptomatic treatment and proper health management (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is commonly used for secondary infections in FIV-positive cats?

<p>Antibiotics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following treatments may be required in FIV-positive cats with chronic gingivitis and stomatitis?

<p>Dental extractions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key preventive measure against FIV transmission?

<p>Isolating infected cats from feral cats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is spaying and neutering recommended for outdoor cats to prevent FIV?

<p>It reduces aggressive behaviors, especially in males (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

FIV vaccine is widely available in the USA

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vaccinated cats will always be FIV ANTIBODY positive, which an be a problem if lost and placed in a shelter

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) primarily transmitted?

<p>Blood, biting insects, and contaminated instruments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which EIAV causes anemia?

<p>The virus binds to RBC surfaces, leading to immune-mediated destruction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common clinical sign of Equine Infectious Anemia?

<p>Weight gain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test was traditionally used to detect Equine Infectious Anemia Virus but has been largely replaced by ELISA?

<p>Agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID or Coggins test) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for Equine infectious anemia virus?

<p>Swamp fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

As the virus binds to the RBC surfaces, it causes complement mediated phagocytosis and lysis (anemia and thrombocytopenia). What type of hypersensitivity is this?

<p>Type 2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What type of virus is FIV?

FIV is a lentivirus, a type of retrovirus known for its slow progression and long incubation period.

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