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Questions and Answers
Which region in India houses important steel producing centers like Bhilai, Durgapur, and Rourkela?
What was the ideal location for the iron and steel industry after 1950?
Before 1947, how many iron and steel plants were there in India?
Which location was considered the best for the iron and steel industry before 1800?
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What led to the changing location of iron and steel industry after 1950?
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Which of the following states is NOT part of the region where important steel producing centers are located in India?
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Why did the iron and steel industry begin to be located near sea ports after 1950?
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'Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO)' was which type of ownership before Independence?
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'Bhadravati and Vijay Nagar' steel centers in India utilize what important resource?
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'Jamshedpur' is known for being home to which significant iron and steel plant before 1947?
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Study Notes
Iron and Steel Industry
- The industry uses raw materials like iron ore, coal, and limestone, along with labor, capital, site, and other infrastructure.
- The process of converting iron ore into steel involves many stages, including smelting in a blast furnace and refining.
- 8 tonnes of coal, 4 tonnes of iron ore, and 1 tonne of limestone are used to produce 1 tonne of steel.
Characteristics of Steel
- Steel is tough and can be easily shaped, cut, or made into wire.
- Special alloys of steel can be made by adding small amounts of other metals like aluminum, nickel, and copper.
- Alloys give steel unusual hardness, toughness, or ability to resist rust.
Importance of Steel
- Steel is often called the backbone of modern industry.
- Almost everything we use is either made of iron or steel or has been made with tools and machinery of these metals.
- Examples of steel usage include ships, trains, trucks, autos, safety pins, needles, oil wells, pipelines, farm machines, and large buildings.
Indian Iron and Steel Industry
- The industry consists of large integrated steel plants, mini steel mills, secondary producers, rolling mills, and ancillary industries.
- Important steel producing centers in India are located in a region that spreads over four states: West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha, and Chhattisgarh.
- Other important steel centers in India include Bhadravati and Vijay Nagar in Karnataka, Vishakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh, and Salem in Tamil Nadu.
History of Iron and Steel Industry in India
- Before 1947, there was only one iron and steel plant in India – Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO).
- After Independence, the government took the initiative and set up several iron and steel plants.
Location of Iron and Steel Industry
- From 1800 to 1950, the industry was located where raw materials, power supply, and running water were easily available.
- Later, the ideal location for the industry was near coal fields and close to canals and railways.
- After 1950, the industry began to be located on large areas of flat land near sea ports.
Pittsburgh as a Steel City
- Pittsburgh is an important steel city in the United States of America.
- The steel industry at Pittsburgh enjoys locational advantages, including locally available coal and iron ore from Minnesota.
- The Great Lakes waterway and rivers like the Ohio, Monogahela, and Allegheny provide adequate water supply and transportation routes.
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Description
Explore the process of converting iron ore into steel in the feeder industry, including smelting and refining stages. Learn about the inputs required such as iron ore, coal, and limestone, as well as labor, capital, and infrastructure.
