10 Questions
What does Donald Norman's model of interaction focus on?
User's view of the interface
Which term refers to the difference between the user formulation of actions and the actions allowed by the system in Donald Norman's model?
Execution
What does Evaluation represent in Donald Norman's model?
Distance between system state and user expectations
Which stage involves the user formulating actions to reach a goal in Norman's execution and evaluation cycle?
Establishing the goal
What is the main purpose of interaction models?
Ensure clear communication and smooth navigation for users
In Norman's model, what is the distance Evaluation refers to?
Between system state and user expectations
Which term defines the difference between user actions desired to reach a goal and what the system enables in Norman's model?
Execution
What is Execution in Donald Norman's model?
The difference between user's desired actions and what is allowed by the system
In Donald Norman's model, what does User Establishment of the goal signify?
The formulation of intentions by the user to achieve a goal
What is the role of Execution and Evaluation loop in Donald Norman's model?
To compare user expectations with actual system outcomes
Study Notes
Understanding User Engagement
- Users engage with content based on pre-existing expectations and past experiences.
- They consume content to fulfill a specific goal or need.
Feedback and Feedforward in UI Design
- Feedback: response or reaction from the system to users' post-action, informing them about the outcome of their actions and helping them comprehend the current state of the system.
- Feedforward: provides users with information or hints before a specific action, preparing them for what to expect in the upcoming interaction.
Affordances and Signifiers
What is Affordance?
- Affordances are attributes of an object that show users the actions they can take without needing further thought.
Types of Affordances
- Explicit Affordance: clear communication of desired actions to users (e.g., pushing a door labeled "Push").
- Pattern Affordance: users implicitly understand that certain elements are interactive (e.g., clickable words outside the content area).
- Hidden Affordance: implies hidden buttons and links in interfaces.
- Metaphorical Affordance: uses icons carrying subconscious meanings (e.g., a trash can icon for deletion).
- False Affordance: gives the impression of offering a certain capability but actually provides a different one or none at all.
- Negative Affordance: occurs when an input field or button is greyed out to indicate that it does not currently require any action.
Signifiers
- Signifiers are indicators that communicate what affordances objects have, helping people perform appropriate tasks.
Explore the concepts of feedback and feedforward in UI design, including their importance, purpose, and impact on user interaction. Learn how these elements inform users about the outcome of their actions and help them understand the current state of the system.
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