Mahatma Gandhi's Life and Legacy

• Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in the coastal town of Porbandar, Gujarat.
• He was educated at the Inner Temple in London and called to the bar in 1891.
• Gandhi moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit.
• He lived in South Africa for 21 years and employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights.
• In 1915, aged 45, he returned to India and soon set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination.
• Gandhi assumed leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921 and led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding womens rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule.
• Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with Indias rural poor.
• He began to live in a self-sufficient residential community, to eat simple food, and undertake long fasts as a means of both introspection and political protest.
• In the months following, he undertook several hunger strikes to stop the religious violence.
• The last of these, begun in Delhi on January 12, 1948, had the indirect goal of pressuring India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan.
• Gandhi died on January 30, 1948, in Delhi.

Test your knowledge on the life and impact of Mahatma Gandhi, from his early years in South Africa to his leadership of the Indian National Congress and his principles of nonviolent resistance.