Fecal Incontinence and Flatulence Management

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Questions and Answers

What is fecal incontinence also known as?

  • Flatulence
  • Bowel incontinence (correct)
  • Ostomy
  • Constipation

What are the three primary sources of flatus?

  • Action of enzymes on the chyme in the large intestine, swallowed air, and gas that diffuses between the bloodstream and the intestine
  • Action of bacteria on the chyme in the small intestine, swallowed air, and gas that diffuses between the bloodstream and the intestine
  • Action of enzymes on the chyme in the stomach, swallowed air, and gas that diffuses between the bloodstream and the intestine
  • Action of bacteria on the chyme in the large intestine, swallowed air, and gas that diffuses between the bloodstream and the intestine (correct)

What is an ostomy?

  • A surgical opening for the urinary tract only
  • A surgical opening for the gastrointestinal, urinary, or respiratory tract onto the skin (correct)
  • A surgical opening for the respiratory tract only
  • A surgical opening for the gastrointestinal tract only

What is the purpose of a gastrostomy?

<p>To open through the abdominal wall into the stomach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a stoma?

<p>The opening created in the abdominal wall by an ostomy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key aspects of assessing bowel incontinence?

<p>Inspecting the feces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a colostomy?

<p>An opening into the colon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of managing bowel incontinence?

<p>Using continence aids such as a condom catheter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of maintaining normal urinary elimination?

<p>Maintaining normal voiding habits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for urinary retention?

<p>Impaired detrusor contractility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of applying external urinary draining devices?

<p>Managing urinary incontinence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sudden, intense urge to urinate followed by an involuntary loss of urine?

<p>Urge type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of bowel elimination?

<p>Peristalsis wave (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inability to empty all urine from the bladder?

<p>Urinary retention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of habit training in managing urinary incontinence?

<p>Continence retaining (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the involuntary urination in children beyond the age of 4?

<p>Enuresis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of using absorbent dressings in wound care?

<p>To absorb drainage or debride a wound (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of applying topical antimicrobial medication in wound care?

<p>To prevent infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of debridement in wound care?

<p>To remove thick necrotic tissue or eschar (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of maintaining skin integrity in wound care?

<p>To prevent potential risks associated with impaired skin integrity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using pressure dressings or elastic bandages in wound care?

<p>To prevent hemorrhage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of wound irrigation in wound care?

<p>To remove debris and bacteria from the wound site (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of providing supportive devices in wound care?

<p>To splint or immobilize the wound site (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of maintaining skin hygiene in wound care?

<p>To prevent infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Fecal Incontinence

  • Fecal incontinence refers to the loss of voluntary ability to control fecal and gaseous discharges through the anal sphincter.
  • Continence aids such as a condom catheter or absorbent pads may be used.

Flatulence

  • Three primary sources of flatus are:
    • Action of bacteria on the chyme in the large intestine
    • Swallowed air
    • Gas that diffuses between the bloodstream and the intestine

Bowel Diversion Ostomies

  • Ostomy is an opening for the gastrointestinal, urinary, or respiratory tract onto the skin.
  • Stoma is the opening created in the abdominal wall by the ostomy.
  • Types of ostomies:
    • Gastrostomy (opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach)
    • Jejunostomy (opening through the abdominal wall into the jejunum)
    • Ileostomy (opening into the ileum)
    • Colostomy (opening into the colon)

Assessment

  • Nursing history
  • Physical assessment
  • Inspecting the feces
  • Diagnostic studies

Diagnosing

  • Bowel incontinence
  • Constipation
  • Risk for constipation
  • Prevent associated risks such as infection, skin breakdown, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and lowered self-esteem

Urinary Elimination

  • Voiding at frequent intervals (less than 4 up to 6 times a day)
  • Urinary hesitancy (delay and difficulty in initiating voiding)
  • Enuresis (involuntary urination in children beyond the age of 4)
  • Urinary incontinence (stress, urge, and overflow types)

Implementation

  • Maintaining normal urinary elimination
  • Preventing urinary tract infection
  • Managing urinary incontinence
  • Maintaining skin integrity
  • Applying external urinary draining devices

Bowel Elimination

  • Process of bowel elimination/defecation involves peristalsis wave creating feces that moves to the anus

Wound Care

  • Dressing wounds:
    • Protects the wound from mechanical injury
    • Protects the wound from microbial contamination
    • Provides or maintains moist wound healing
    • Absorbs drainage or debrides a wound or both
    • Provides thermal insulation
    • Prevents hemorrhage (when applied as a pressure dressing or with elastic bandages)
  • Implementing wound care:
    • Supports wound healing
    • Prevents infection
    • Prevents pressure ulcers
    • Provides nutrition and fluids
    • Maintains skin hygiene
    • Avoids skin trauma
    • Provides supportive devices

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