Features of Transcribed Speech
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Questions and Answers

In speech transcription, what are micropauses?

  • Pauses between each group of words (correct)
  • Emphasis on specific syllables
  • Tone units in speech
  • Intonation patterns

    • What is the tonic syllable in a tone unit?

  • A significant word with pitch movement (correct)
  • A random syllable in a sentence
  • A syllable with falling intonation
  • A syllable with rising intonation

    • When does intonation usually rise in English language pronunciation?

  • When asking a question (correct)
  • During micropauses
  • In high-rising terminal pronunciation
  • At the end of a statement

    • How does speech transcription differ from literary representation?

    <p>Literary representation adds descriptive elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of tone units in speech transcription?

    <p>To recreate the manner in which speech is delivered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes speech transcription from writing?

    <p>Inclusion of pauses and hesitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did linguists shift their focus to speech sounds in the 20th century?

    <p>To analyze accents precisely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do phonetic transcripts focus on recording?

    <p>Speech sounds according to phonemes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is considered time-consuming but precise for transcribing spoken language?

    <p>Phonetic transcripts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)?

    <p>Represent standardized sounds of spoken English</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the importance of phonetic transcripts in linguistics.

    <p>Phonetic transcripts provide a precise analysis of accents and are crucial in studying child language acquisition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) contribute to standardizing spoken English?

    <p>The IPA represents standardized sounds of spoken English through individual letters and diacritics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discuss the historical shift in linguists' focus from written language to speech sounds.

    <p>Linguists moved their focus to speech sounds in the 20th century to gain a more precise analysis of language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the differences between speech transcription and literary representation.

    <p>Speech transcription records spoken language with pauses and intonation, while literary representation follows standard writing conventions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do phonetic transcripts enhance the study of accents and language variations?

    <p>Phonetic transcripts provide a detailed analysis of accents by recording sounds according to a standard set of phonemes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the concept of high-rising terminal pronunciation and provide an example.

    <p>High-rising terminal pronunciation refers to the rise in tone at the end of a sentence. An example would be 'You're leaving already?'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the role of the tonic syllable in a tone unit.

    <p>The tonic syllable is the most important syllable in a tone unit, usually a significant word near the end of the unit that contributes to the pronunciation pattern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Differentiate between micropauses and tone units in speech transcription.

    <p>Micropauses are natural pauses taken to breathe, while tone units are groups of words separated by micropauses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the significance of the rising and falling intonation in English language pronunciation.

    <p>Rising intonation is used for uncertainty or questions, while falling intonation indicates the end of a statement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Compare and contrast the representation of speech in a literary work and a speech transcript.

    <p>Literary works present speech with descriptive tags and punctuation, while speech transcripts focus on capturing the spoken words and intonation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do non-fluency features like fillers serve to accomplish in unscripted discourse?

    <p>Signal that the speaker is going to say something</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of non-standard English feature mentioned in the text?

    <p>'We was really tired'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In phatic communication, what is the primary purpose of 'ice-breakers' like 'How are you?'

    <p>Initiate a conversation politely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of tag questions in speech communication?

    <p>Prompt a response from the listener</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do speakers use vague expressions like 'sort of' and 'kind of'?

    <p>To soften authoritative requests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does repetition of words in speech communication help achieve according to the text?

    <p>Emphasize statements or allow thinking time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do voiceless pauses contribute to unscripted discourse?

    <p>Allow for silence for participants to perceive a break</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the use of modal verbs like 'may', 'might', 'could', 'should' common in spoken language?

    <p>To express hesitation or uncertainty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Can you get me a cheese sandwich or something like that?' exemplifies the use of which linguistic feature from the text?

    <p>'Vague expressions'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of non-standard English features?

    <p>They can result from lack of careful planning before speaking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fillers in unscripted discourse?

    <p>Give speakers time to think and announce their intention to speak.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do voiceless pauses contribute to unscripted discourse?

    <p>They signal a break in the conversation even with short silences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of tag questions in speech communication?

    <p>To prompt a response from the listener.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do vague expressions like 'sort of' and 'kind of' aim to achieve in speech communication?

    <p>To soften authoritative requests and maintain engagement between speakers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does repetition of words in speech communication help achieve according to the text?

    <p>Emphasize statements or allow more thinking time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) contribute to standardizing spoken English?

    <p>By providing a consistent way to represent sounds across different dialects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the use of modal verbs like 'may', 'might', 'could', 'should' common in spoken language?

    <p>To reflect hesitancy or uncertainty in speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the role of the tonic syllable in a tone unit.

    <p>It carries the main stress or emphasis in the utterance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Differentiate between micropauses and tone units in speech transcription.

    <p>Micropauses are brief pauses in speech, while tone units are larger units of speech with pitch patterns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of non-standard English features?

    <p>Lack of subject-verb agreement or incorrect use of tenses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The use of modal verbs like 'may', 'might', 'could', 'should' is common in unscripted discourse.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Non-fluency features in speech communication include voiceless pauses that are usually very long.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phatic communication primarily focuses on exchanging detailed information between participants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vague expressions like 'sort of' and 'kind of' are appropriate for precise travel details.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Repetition of words in speech communication serves the purpose of emphasizing statements.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tag questions in speech communication do not prompt a response from the listener.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In speech communication, non-standard English features often include perfect subject-verb agreement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Silences of three to four seconds in unscripted discourse usually go unnoticed by participants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tone units in speech transcription focus on recording micropauses.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Can you get me a cheese sandwich?' and 'Can you get me a cheese sandwich or something like that?' demonstrate the same level of specificity according to the text.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Paralinguistic features are not important in discourse for effective communication.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Non-verbal feedback like facial expressions and body language has no impact on communication according to the text.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pitch in language refers to the musical term that indicates the loudness of the voice.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Speed of speech is not influenced by the social interaction context.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Paralinguistic features only benefit the speaker, not the listener, in understanding communication.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Volume in speech production does not vary according to different individuals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Feedback in communication can only be expressed verbally.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'mm' and 'oh' are examples of verbal feedback signals in communication.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Absolutely', 'really', 'I know' are examples of non-verbal feedback signals in communication.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Tone units' focus on recording feedback signals in speech transcription.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main prosodic features discussed in the text?

    <p>Tone, pitch, volume, speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does pitch relate to language according to the text?

    <p>Pitch refers to whether the voice is high or low.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of paralinguistics in discourse?

    <p>Paralinguistic features are essential for effective communication between speakers and listeners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of feedback signals mentioned in the text?

    <p>Verbal responses, back-channel, non-verbal cues, pauses, vocal expressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does volume change in speech production?

    <p>Volume can vary between individuals and change based on circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does speed in speech relate to?

    <p>Speed in speech is related to the pace at which someone speaks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do feedback signals aid in communication?

    <p>Feedback signals help in linking speakers and listeners by showing engagement and understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of verbal responses as feedback signals?

    <p>‘Absolutely’, ‘really’, ‘I know’</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are tone, pitch, volume, and speed important in speech communication?

    <p>They help convey emotions, intentions, and engagement in conversations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do facial expressions and body language contribute to communication?

    <p>Facial expressions and body language help reinforce what is being said.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of feedback signals in communication?

    <p>To reinforce understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text describe the relationship between speed of speech and emotions?

    <p>Fright or excitement may lead to faster speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what context do speakers tend to use vague expressions like 'sort of' and 'kind of'?

    <p>In casual or uncertain conversations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do tone units play in speech transcription?

    <p>Highlight the pitch patterns in speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do non-verbal feedback signals like facial expressions contribute to communication?

    <p>They reinforce and complement spoken words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of feedback via back-channel noises like 'mm' and 'oh'?

    <p>They signal complete understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do vocal expressions like giggling or sighing relate to the intentions of the speaker?

    <p>They convey the speaker's emotional state or attitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pauses in speech communication according to the text?

    <p>To show unease or tension, or signify thought processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between writing and speech, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Speech does not require planning before delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common challenge faced during transcription of informal discourse?

    <p>Difficulty in following conventions of literary speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are speakers' names typically represented in speech transcription?

    <p>In capital letters on the left-hand side followed by a colon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In speech transcription, what is the conventional method for indicating overlapping utterances of two or more speakers?

    <p>//</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text recommend before beginning to transcribe spoken language?

    <p>Listen to the recording at least three times.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between the representation of speech in novels and unscripted speech?

    <p>Unscripted speech follows different conventions than written language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it easy to be descriptive rather than analytical when discussing spoken language?

    <p>As a result of being experts in the skill of speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does discourse differ from written language?

    <p>Discourse is in utterances, not sentences, unlike written language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do individuals usually find speaking with friends easier than speaking formally?

    <p>As a result of being fluent and at ease in everyday conversations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impacts the way unscripted speech is transcribed compared to written language?

    <p>Differences in grammar rules between spoken and written forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is writing a transcription considered a painstakingly tedious task according to the text?

    <p>It needs to be accurate in both content and style of recording.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the convention for representing unclear words in a transcription?

    <p>Using (xxxxxx).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should speakers' names be formatted in a speech transcription?

    <p>Written in capital letters on the left-hand side, separated from their utterance by a colon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using brackets in a speech transcription?

    <p>To indicate that two or more speakers are speaking at the same time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are tone units different from micropauses in speech transcription?

    <p>Tone units focus on recording micropauses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of analyzing the features of conversation in the context of spoken language?

    <p>To understand and respond to spoken language in a more analytical manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does discourse in unscripted speech differ from written language in terms of transcription?

    <p>Discourse is in utterances, not sentences, and is not transcribed the same way as written language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do individuals find speaking with friends easier than speaking formally according to the text?

    <p>Because speaking with friends allows for fluency and ease due to the familiarity of the conversation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in standardizing spoken English?

    <p>To provide a consistent and accurate representation of speech sounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the use of vague expressions like 'sort of' and 'kind of' contribute to effective communication?

    <p>They help speakers hedge their statements, making them less assertive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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