28 Questions
Which type of food additives are those that become part of the food in trace amounts due to its packaging, storage, or other handling?
Indirect additives
Which of the following is an example of an indirect food additive?
Bisphenol A (BPA)
Which agency must food packaging manufacturers prove the safety of materials to before they are permitted for use in contact with food?
FDA
Which type of food additives are used to control acidity and alkalinity in food?
Citric acid
Which substance, used in the manufacturing of polycarbonate bottles and epoxy-based enamel coatings in cans, can migrate from packaging into foods?
Bisphenol A (BPA)
Which of the following is an example of a direct food additive used to enhance flavor?
Spices
Which report released in August 2008 stated that Bisphenol A (BPA) is safe at the current levels occurring in foods?
FDA report
Which agency defined the 1958 Food Additives Amendment, an amendment to the Food, Drugs and Cosmetic Act of 1938?
FDA
What adverse effects have been associated with Ephedrine Alkaloids?
Stroke, myocardial infarction, and sudden death
In what year did the FDA ban the marketing of dietary supplements that include Ephedrine Alkaloids?
2004
What do current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) establish standards for?
Contaminant-free products and accurate labeling
What must a dietary supplement label contain?
The word 'supplement'
When must manufacturers of dietary supplements submit a notification to FDA?
No later than 30 days after marketing
What must dietary supplements with structure function claims state in a disclaimer?
FDA has not evaluated the claim and the product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease
What is an issue that has occurred with dietary supplements according to the text?
Contaminants and discrepancies between labeled and actual levels
What is the purpose of the ban on marketing dietary supplements that include Ephedrine Alkaloids?
To prevent adverse cardiovascular effects
What was required of large manufacturers of dietary supplements in June 2008?
To start abiding by current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP)
Do structure function claims for conventional foods require a disclaimer or notification?
No, neither a disclaimer nor notification are required
What is the purpose of Food Defect Action Levels?
To establish maximum levels of natural or unavoidable defects in foods for human use
Which substances are added to foods based on a long history of common usage?
GRAS substances
What is the Delaney Clause related to?
Prohibiting the approval of food and color additives that cause cancer in humans or animals
What is the primary difference in the regulation of dietary supplements compared to food additives?
Dietary supplements are regulated differently than food additives and require manufacturers to ensure their safety
What is the classification of color additives according to the FDA?
Certifiable or exempt from certification, can be manmade or derived from natural sources
What is the FDA's stance on the safety of BPA for approved uses in food containers and packaging?
The FDA supports the safety of BPA for approved uses in food containers and packaging
What potential link has been shown between artificial color additives and children's behavior?
Increased hyperactivity
What is the concern regarding Cochineal extract, a natural color additive derived from beetles?
It has been linked to severe allergic reactions
What is the purpose of establishing action levels for insect and rodent filth in peanut butter?
To set guidelines for acceptable levels of contamination in peanut butter
What is the concern related to nitrates in cured meats when heated at high temperatures?
Nitrates can form carcinogenic nitrosamines
Study Notes
FDA Regulations and Safety of Food Additives and Dietary Supplements
- The FDA supports the safety of BPA for approved uses in food containers and packaging
- Food Defect Action Levels establish maximum levels of natural or unavoidable defects in foods for human use
- The FDA has established action levels for insect and rodent filth in peanut butter
- Color additives are classified as "certifiable" or "exempt from certification" and can be manmade or derived from natural sources
- Studies have shown a potential link between artificial color additives and increased hyperactivity in children
- Cochineal extract, a natural color additive derived from beetles, has been linked to severe allergic reactions
- GRAS substances are added to foods based on a long history of common usage and there are 373 listed GRAS substances
- Prior-sanctioned substances, such as nitrates, were determined to be safe by the FDA and USDA before 1958
- Nitrates in cured meats can form carcinogenic nitrosamines when heated at high temperatures
- The FDA must approve all new food additives, color additives, and new GRAS substances
- The Delaney Clause prohibits the approval of food and color additives that cause cancer in humans or animals
- Dietary supplements, including vitamins and minerals, are regulated differently than food additives and require manufacturers to ensure their safety
Test your knowledge of FDA regulations and safety standards for food additives and dietary supplements with this informative quiz. Explore topics such as food defect action levels, color additives, GRAS substances, prior-sanctioned substances, and the regulation of dietary supplements.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
