Faulting and Ground Cracking in Geology

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Questions and Answers

Which type of ground deformation is associated with the generation of earthquakes?

  • Ground cracking
  • Ground subsidence
  • Landslides
  • Surface faulting (correct)

What is the primary cause of ground cracking during an earthquake?

  • Fine saturated granular soils temporarily change from solid to liquid state
  • Marginally stable slopes become unstable due to violent shaking
  • Soil layer breaks and causes fissures, scarps, horsts, and grabens (correct)
  • Loose or compressible soils experience compaction and depression

Which type of ground deformation is most likely to occur in sites with loose or compressible soils?

  • Ground cracking
  • Ground subsidence (correct)
  • Surface faulting
  • Landslides

What is the primary mechanism behind soil liquefaction during earthquakes?

<p>Fine saturated granular soils temporarily change from solid to liquid state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ground deformation is often triggered by strong earthquakes?

<p>Landslides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of surface faulting on structures during an earthquake?

<p>Structures may be damaged when the fault slips during the earthquake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of liquefaction during an earthquake?

<p>Rapid compaction of saturated soil due to earthquake vibrations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism responsible for generating tsunamis?

<p>Dislocation of the ocean floor due to undersea earthquake faults (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phenomena is characterized by long-period oscillating waves in enclosed water bodies?

<p>Seiches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most devastating indirect effect of earthquakes mentioned in the given text?

<p>Fires (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about tsunamis is correct?

<p>When a tsunami reaches a coastal area, its height can increase to catastrophic levels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism responsible for generating seiches in water bodies?

<p>Resonance between the natural frequency of the water body and the frequency of the incoming earthquake waves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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