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Faulting and Ground Cracking in Geology

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Questions and Answers

Which type of ground deformation is associated with the generation of earthquakes?

Ground cracking

Ground subsidence

Landslides

Surface faulting (correct)

What is the primary cause of ground cracking during an earthquake?

Fine saturated granular soils temporarily change from solid to liquid state

Marginally stable slopes become unstable due to violent shaking

Soil layer breaks and causes fissures, scarps, horsts, and grabens (correct)

Loose or compressible soils experience compaction and depression

Which type of ground deformation is most likely to occur in sites with loose or compressible soils?

Ground cracking

Ground subsidence (correct)

Surface faulting

Landslides

What is the primary mechanism behind soil liquefaction during earthquakes?

Fine saturated granular soils temporarily change from solid to liquid state Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ground deformation is often triggered by strong earthquakes?

Landslides Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of surface faulting on structures during an earthquake?

Structures may be damaged when the fault slips during the earthquake Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of liquefaction during an earthquake?

Rapid compaction of saturated soil due to earthquake vibrations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism responsible for generating tsunamis?

Dislocation of the ocean floor due to undersea earthquake faults Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phenomena is characterized by long-period oscillating waves in enclosed water bodies?

Seiches Signup and view all the answers

What is the most devastating indirect effect of earthquakes mentioned in the given text?

Fires Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about tsunamis is correct?

When a tsunami reaches a coastal area, its height can increase to catastrophic levels. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism responsible for generating seiches in water bodies?

Resonance between the natural frequency of the water body and the frequency of the incoming earthquake waves Signup and view all the answers