30 Questions
What is the function of fatty acids in the human body?
To provide energy when oxidized
What is the role of prostaglandins and leukotrienes formed from PUFA?
They act as local hormones
What is the function of essential fatty acids in the human body?
To prevent skin diseases
What is the characteristic of membrane lipids?
They are amphipathic, with one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic end
How are membrane lipids classified?
Based on the properties of their 'head' group
What are the four main categories of membrane lipids in Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, and Archaebacteria?
Phospholipids, Glycolipids, Sterols, and Archaebacterial ether lipids
What is the characteristic of short-chain fatty acids?
They are liquid at room temperature
What is the main difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
The presence of double bonds
Which type of fatty acid has a single carbon-to-carbon double bond?
Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)
What is the typical characteristic of long-chain fatty acids?
They have 12 or more carbons
Why are saturated fatty acids more stable?
Because they have no double bonds
What is the main classification factor for fatty acids based on their structure?
Length of their carbon chain
What is the characteristic of naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids in food?
They have cis double bonds
What happens to some cis fatty acids during the hydrogenation of unsaturated vegetable oils?
They are isomerized to trans fatty acids
What is a potential health risk associated with trans fatty acids?
They may act similarly to saturated fats and contribute to heart disease and some cancers
What is one function of fatty acids in the body?
To help in the transport and metabolism of other nutrients
What is a component of simple and compound lipids in various tissues?
Fatty acids
What is the shape of trans fatty acids compared to cis fatty acids?
More linear
Which type of lipid is an important component of the inner mitochondrial membrane and constitutes 20% of the total lipids?
Cardiolipin
Where else, besides the inner mitochondrial membrane, can cardiolipin be found?
Most bacteria membranes
Which type of lipid is rich in sphingomyelins and makes up 10-20% of plasma membrane lipids?
Sphingomyelins
In which structure are sphingomyelins typically found to be present in significant amounts?
Myelin sheath of nerve cell axons
Which type of lipid is conjugated with carbohydrates and is responsible for providing markers for cellular recognition?
Glyceroglycolipids
What is the main role of glycolipids in biological systems, besides being part of the membrane system?
Provide energy
What characteristic of polyunsaturated fatty acids distinguishes them from saturated fatty acids?
Presence of two or more carbon to carbon double bonds
Which type of fatty acids is known to be more liquid at room temperature?
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
What is the main function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the body in relation to fatty acids?
Grabs and escorts LDL to the liver for breakdown
What is the major dietary source of unsaturated fatty acids?
Vegetable oils
Cis-form unsaturated fatty acids have which characteristic feature?
Both H atoms are on the same side of the C=C double bond
Which type of fatty acid has the first double bond between the third and fourth carbon from the omega end?
Omega-3 fatty acid
Test your knowledge on fatty acids including their classification, structures, functions, lipids, and membranes. Learn about the organization of membrane systems, properties of membrane lipids, and the classification of membrane lipids.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
