Fatty Acids Session 7 Foundation Year 2023-2024 Quiz

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What is the function of fatty acids in the human body?

To provide structural support to the body

To transport oxygen

To provide energy when oxidized (correct)

To regulate body temperature

What is the role of prostaglandins and leukotrienes formed from PUFA?

They act as hormones regulating growth

They regulate body temperature

They regulate blood pressure

They act as local hormones (correct)

What is the function of essential fatty acids in the human body?

To lower cholesterol levels

To prevent skin diseases (correct)

To increase muscle mass

To regulate body weight

What is the characteristic of membrane lipids?

They are amphipathic, with one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic end Signup and view all the answers

How are membrane lipids classified?

Based on the properties of their 'head' group Signup and view all the answers

What are the four main categories of membrane lipids in Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, and Archaebacteria?

Phospholipids, Glycolipids, Sterols, and Archaebacterial ether lipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of short-chain fatty acids?

They are liquid at room temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

The presence of double bonds Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fatty acid has a single carbon-to-carbon double bond?

Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical characteristic of long-chain fatty acids?

They have 12 or more carbons Signup and view all the answers

Why are saturated fatty acids more stable?

Because they have no double bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the main classification factor for fatty acids based on their structure?

Length of their carbon chain Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids in food?

They have cis double bonds Signup and view all the answers

What happens to some cis fatty acids during the hydrogenation of unsaturated vegetable oils?

They are isomerized to trans fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential health risk associated with trans fatty acids?

They may act similarly to saturated fats and contribute to heart disease and some cancers Signup and view all the answers

What is one function of fatty acids in the body?

To help in the transport and metabolism of other nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is a component of simple and compound lipids in various tissues?

Fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of trans fatty acids compared to cis fatty acids?

More linear Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lipid is an important component of the inner mitochondrial membrane and constitutes 20% of the total lipids?

Cardiolipin Signup and view all the answers

Where else, besides the inner mitochondrial membrane, can cardiolipin be found?

Most bacteria membranes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lipid is rich in sphingomyelins and makes up 10-20% of plasma membrane lipids?

Sphingomyelins Signup and view all the answers

In which structure are sphingomyelins typically found to be present in significant amounts?

Myelin sheath of nerve cell axons Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lipid is conjugated with carbohydrates and is responsible for providing markers for cellular recognition?

Glyceroglycolipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of glycolipids in biological systems, besides being part of the membrane system?

Provide energy Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of polyunsaturated fatty acids distinguishes them from saturated fatty acids?

Presence of two or more carbon to carbon double bonds Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fatty acids is known to be more liquid at room temperature?

Polyunsaturated fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the body in relation to fatty acids?

Grabs and escorts LDL to the liver for breakdown Signup and view all the answers

What is the major dietary source of unsaturated fatty acids?

Vegetable oils Signup and view all the answers

Cis-form unsaturated fatty acids have which characteristic feature?

Both H atoms are on the same side of the C=C double bond Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fatty acid has the first double bond between the third and fourth carbon from the omega end?

Omega-3 fatty acid Signup and view all the answers