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Fatty Acid Synthesis: The Spiral of Fatty Acid Synthesis

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Fatty Acid Synthesis: The Spiral of Fatty Acid Synthesis

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary site of fatty acid synthesis in most animal tissues?

Endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

Cytosol (correct)

Mitochondrial matrix

Which of the following is NOT a cofactor required for acetyl-CoA carboxylation?

Mn2+

ATP

Bioreactor (correct)

NADPH

What is the product of the committed step in fatty acid synthesis?

Malonyl-CoA (correct)

Citrate

Palmitic acid

Acetyl-CoA

In which of the following tissues is fatty acid synthesis less prominent?

Skeletal muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which acetyl-CoA units are transported out of the mitochondrial matrix?

Citrate shuttle Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum length of fatty acid chains synthesized through the fatty acid synthesis pathway?

C16 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ATP in the first step of lipogenesis?

To carboxylate biotin Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high fat diets on the regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Decreased activity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following domains of the fatty acid synthase complex is involved in the release of palmitate?

Domain 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of malonyl-CoA in the regulation of lipogenesis?

Activator of fatty acid synthase Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of insulin on the regulation of lipogenesis?

Activates lipogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the –SH group of the ACP in the condensation reaction of lipogenesis?

Accepts the acetyl group from acetyl-CoA Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enoyl reductase enzyme in the spiral of fatty acid synthesis?

To reduce the crotonyl-enzyme to butyryl-enzyme Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the first turn in the spiral of fatty acid synthesis?

Formation of a C4-acyl enzyme Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the SH group of ACP in the fatty acid synthesis pathway?

To bind to and displace the saturated acyl residue Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the C16-acyl enzyme formed in the fatty acid synthesis pathway?

It is not a substrate for the condensing enzyme and is released as free palmitate Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the thiol groups of cysteine residues in the fatty acid synthesis pathway?

To bind to the acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA molecules Signup and view all the answers

How many times is the elongation step repeated in the fatty acid synthesis pathway?