18 Questions
What is the role of 3-Ketoacyl-ACP synthase in fatty acid synthesis?
To elongate the fatty acid chain
Which enzyme is responsible for reducing the keto group to an alcohol in fatty acid synthesis?
3-Ketoacyl-ACP reductase
What is the role of Acyl Carrier Protein (ACP) in fatty acid synthesis?
To carry the growing fatty acid chain
What is the byproduct of the reaction catalyzed by 3-Hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase?
Water
What is the reducing power for fatty acid synthesis?
NADPH
How many cycles of fatty acid synthesis are required to produce a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid?
7
What is the function of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the fatty acid synthesis pathway?
To add CO2 to the acetyl group, producing malonyl-CoA
What is the role of the acyl carrier protein (ACP) in fatty acid synthesis?
To temporarily hold the growing fatty acid chain
What is the source of energy for the condensation reaction between the acetyl group and the malonyl group?
From the decarboxylation of malonyl-CoA
What is the product of the condensation reaction between the acetyl group and the malonyl group?
A 4-carbon fatty acid chain
What is the primary function of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in fatty acid biosynthesis?
To synthesize malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA
What is the role of NADPH in the fatty acid synthesis pathway?
None of the above
What is the enzyme responsible for transferring the acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to the cysteine residue of ACP?
Acetyl-CoA-ACP acetyltransacylase
How is acetyl-CoA transported from the mitochondria to the cytosol?
By being shuttled as citrate
What is the role of citrate in regulating fatty acid synthesis?
It serves as a high energy signal to enhance fatty acid synthesis
What is the source of NADPH required for fatty acid synthesis?
The conversion of malate to pyruvate
How is acetyl-CoA carboxylase regulated in the short-term?
Through allosteric activation by citrate and inhibition by long-chain fatty acyl-CoA
What is the purpose of malonyl-CoA in fatty acid synthesis?
To participate in the repetitive synthesis of fatty acids
This quiz covers the process of de novo synthesis of fatty acids, including the role of enzymes and coenzymes, and the conversion of acetyl-CoA to fatty acid.
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