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Questions and Answers
How many cycles of β-oxidation are required for the complete breakdown of one molecule of palmitate (16 carbons) to acetyl-CoA?
How many cycles of β-oxidation are required for the complete breakdown of one molecule of palmitate (16 carbons) to acetyl-CoA?
How many ATP molecules are produced from the FADH2 and NADH generated during the β-oxidation of one mole of palmitate?
How many ATP molecules are produced from the FADH2 and NADH generated during the β-oxidation of one mole of palmitate?
How many ATP molecules are produced from the full oxidation of 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle?
How many ATP molecules are produced from the full oxidation of 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle?
What is the net ATP yield from the complete oxidation of one mole of palmitate, accounting for the ATP consumed in activation?
What is the net ATP yield from the complete oxidation of one mole of palmitate, accounting for the ATP consumed in activation?
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How much energy in kJ is produced from the complete oxidation of one mole of palmitate?
How much energy in kJ is produced from the complete oxidation of one mole of palmitate?
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Study Notes
Energy Produced from Fatty Acid Oxidation
- Each 2 carbons cleaved from acyl-CoA molecule in β-oxidation produces 1 mol of FADH2 and 1 mol of NADH + H+, which generate 4 mol ATP in the respiratory chain (1.5 ATP from FADH2 and 2.5 ATP from NADH + H+).
- For example, 7 cycles of β-oxidation are required for palmitate breakdown (16 carbons) to acetyl-CoA, producing 7 x 4 = 28 mol ATP.
- Each mol of acetyl-CoA produced from β-oxidation enters the citric acid cycle, generating 10 mol ATP.
- In the case of palmitate, 8 mol of acetyl-CoA are formed, producing 8 x 10 = 80 mol ATP in the citric acid cycle.
- The total ATP produced per mole of palmitate undergoing oxidation is the sum of ATP produced in β-oxidation and citric acid cycle, minus 2 ATP consumed in step 1: (28 + 80) - 2 = 106 mol ATP.
- The energy equivalent of 106 mol ATP is 106 x 30.5 = 3233 kJ.
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Description
Learn about the process of β-oxidation and citric acid cycle in fatty acid oxidation, and how they contribute to ATP production. Understand the molecular yields of FADH2, NADH, and ATP in this process.
