11 Questions
What event marked the beginning of Benito Mussolini's fascism movement in Italy?
Mussolini threatening to march on Rome
What action did Victor Emmanuel III take in response to Mussolini's threat to march on Rome?
He gave Mussolini power
What role did the Catholic Church play in supporting Mussolini's regime?
Encouraging passive obedience to Mussolini's regime
Which major European countries remained democratic in 1939?
France and Great Britain
What did Fascists believe would be silly to control in terms of mass media?
Newspapers, radio, and film
What were the values emphasized in the Fascist Youth Groups?
Traditional values
Who was removed by Stalin in 1927 from the Communist Party?
Leon Trotsky
What did Stalin launch in 1928 to industrialize Russia?
Five Year Plan
What event caused the death of 5 million people during Russia's famine?
Russian Civil War
Who started the Spanish Civil War?
General Fransico Franco
What was the main focus of authoritarian regimes in Eastern Europe?
Maintaining political democracy
Study Notes
- Benito Mussolini started the fascism movement in Italy in the 1920s, gaining power in 1922 after threatening to march on Rome.
- The Fascist regime under Mussolini outlawed all other political parties in Italy by 1926 and recognized the independence of Vatican City in 1929, leading to support from the Catholic Church.
- Fascism in Italy promoted traditional values, with a focus on family as the pillar of the state and women being homemakers.
- In the Soviet Union, Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP) allowed for temporary market reforms, but after his death in 1924, a power struggle ensued between Trotsky and Stalin.
- Stalin's Five Year Plan in 1928 aimed to industrialize Russia, leading to increased steel production but also famine, resistance from peasants, and the Great Purge resulting in deaths and labor camps.
- Authoritarian states in Eastern Europe, like Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary, adopted parliamentary systems but faced challenges due to fear of communist upheaval, conflict, and intervention from other countries.
- General Franco led an authoritarian regime in Spain during the Spanish Civil War, with support from Italy and Germany, ending in 1975 without becoming a full totalitarian regime.
Test your knowledge of Benito Mussolini and the rise of fascism in Italy during the 1920s. Learn about key events such as Mussolini's march on Rome, the outlawing of political parties, and the recognition of Vatican City by the Fascist regime.
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