Fardu Ain and Syarat Solat in Islam

Hukum Hakam Solat

Fardu Ain

• Individual obligation in performing solat (prayer)
• Mandatory for every Muslim who has reached puberty and is of sound mind
• Fardu ain is emphasized in the Quran and Hadith
• Includes:
  • Solat Subuh (morning prayer)
  • Solat Zohor (noon prayer)
  • Solat Asar (afternoon prayer)
  • Solat Maghrib (sunset prayer)
  • Solat Isya' (night prayer)

Syarat Solat

• Conditions that must be fulfilled before performing solat
• Includes:
  1. Islam: The person performing solat must be a Muslim
  2. Akil Baligh: The person must have reached puberty and be of sound mind
  3. Suci dari Hadats: The person must be free from hadats (small impurities)
  4. Suci dari Najis: The person must be free from najis (impurities)
  5. Menutup Aurat: The person must cover their aurat (parts of the body that must be covered)
  6. Mengetahui Waktu Solat: The person must know the correct time for performing solat

Rukun Solat

• Essential elements of solat that must be fulfilled
• Includes:
  1. Niat: The intention to perform solat
  2. Takbiratul Ihram: The opening takbir (saying "Allahu Akbar")
  3. Qiyam: Standing upright during certain parts of solat
  4. Ruku': Bowing during certain parts of solat
  5. Sujud: Prostrating during certain parts of solat
  6. Duduk Tasyahhud: Sitting during the tasyahhud (sitting position)
  7. Tasyahhud: The final sitting position
  8. Salam: The final greeting (saying "Assalamualaikum")

Obligations of Solat (Prayer)

• Solat is an individual obligation for every Muslim who has reached puberty and is of sound mind.
• This obligation is emphasized in the Quran and Hadith.

Conditions of Solat (Syarat Solat)

• The person performing solat must be a Muslim.
• The person must have reached puberty and be of sound mind.
• The person must be free from hadats (small impurities).
• The person must be free from najis (impurities).
• The person must cover their aurat (parts of the body that must be covered).
• The person must know the correct time for performing solat.

Essential Elements of Solat (Rukun Solat)

• The intention to perform solat must be made.
• The opening takbir (saying "Allahu Akbar") must be recited.
• Standing upright during certain parts of solat is required.
• Bowing during certain parts of solat is required.
• Prostrating during certain parts of solat is required.
• Sitting during the tasyahhud (sitting position) is required.
• The final sitting position (tasyahhud) is required.
• The final greeting (saying "Assalamualaikum") is required.

Types of Solat

• Solat Subuh (morning prayer)
• Solat Zohor (noon prayer)
• Solat Asar (afternoon prayer)
• Solat Maghrib (sunset prayer)
• Solat Isya' (night prayer)