Famous Muslim Scientists in Biology and Medicine

Muslim Scientists

• Abdul Malik Asmai (740 - 828 AD) is considered the first Muslim scientist who studied animals in detail, and wrote famous books including “Al-Abil (camel)”, “Al-Khail (horse)”, “Al-Wahoosh (animal)”, and “Kalq al-Ansan”.
• Bu Ali Sina (980 - 1037 AD) was a physician, philosopher, astronomer, and poet, and is known as the founder of medicine in the West, with his book “Al-Qanun-fi al-Tib” being known as the canon of medicine.
• Jabir Bin Hayan (721 - 815 AD) introduced experimental investigation in chemistry and wrote books on plants and animals, including “Al-Nabatat” and “Al-Haywan”.

Levels of Organization

• Biologists study biological organization at multiple levels, including subatomic, atomic, molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and biosphere levels.
• At the subatomic level, atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons.
• There are 92 naturally occurring elements, with 16 being bioelements that make up living organisms, and six of these (O, C, H, N, Ca, & P) making up 99% of the total mass.

Cellular Organizations

• All organisms are made up of cells, which can be classified as prokaryotic or eukaryotic.
• Cells can organize in three ways: unicellular, colonial, and multicellular.
• Unicellular organisms, such as Amoeba, Paramecium, and Euglena, consist of a single cell that carries out all life activities.
• Colonial organisms are made up of many unicellular organisms that live together but do not have any division of labour.

Biosphere

• The part of the Earth inhabited by organisms and their communities is known as the biosphere, which constitutes all ecosystems and is also called the zone of life on Earth.