Famous Astronomers and Basic Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between mass and weight?

  • Mass is measured in pounds and weight in kilograms.
  • Mass and weight are interchangeable terms in physics.
  • Mass remains constant while weight changes based on gravity. (correct)
  • Mass is the force exerted by gravity; weight is the amount of matter.

Which statement best describes the difference between rotation and revolution?

  • Rotation is the orbit of a planet around the Sun, and revolution is the spin of a planet.
  • Rotation and revolution are the same process involving planetary movements.
  • Rotation involves a circular path; revolution requires a linear path.
  • Rotation refers to an object moving around its own axis, while revolution refers to its movement around another object. (correct)

What is precession?

  • The process of a moon rotating around its planet.
  • The changing of the orientation of the rotational axis of a rotating body. (correct)
  • The movement of planets around the sun in elliptical orbits.
  • The seasonal changes experienced by the Earth.

During which phase is the Moon completely illuminated as seen from Earth?

<p>Full Moon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the terms perihelion and aphelion?

<p>Perihelion is the closest point to the Sun in an orbit, while aphelion is the farthest. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mass vs. Weight

Mass is the amount of matter in an object; weight is the force of gravity on an object. Mass stays the same, weight changes with gravity.

Rotation vs. Revolution

Rotation is spinning on an axis; Revolution is orbiting another object.

Phases of the Moon

The Moon's appearance changes as the Sun lights different portions of it from Earth's perspective.

Perihelion and Aphelion

Perihelion is the point in a planet's orbit closest to the sun; aphelion is the point farthest from the sun.

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Precession

Gradual wobble of a spinning axis.

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Study Notes

Famous Astronomers

  • Learn about prominent astronomers, their historical contributions, and theories.

Mass vs. Weight

  • Understand the difference between mass and weight, and how they relate to gravity.

Rotation vs. Revolution

  • Differentiate between an object's rotation and revolution.

Perihelion, Aphelion, and Ecliptic

  • Distinguish between perihelion, aphelion, and the ecliptic.

Precession

  • Define and explain what precession is.

Moon Phases

  • Identify and describe the phases of the moon.

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