أسئلة الثالثة فاميلي الدلتا (قبل التعديل)

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary aim of family counseling?

  • To engage in social conversation.
  • To provide direct solutions to problems.
  • To evaluate a person's past decisions.
  • To facilitate a meaningful understanding of self and environment. (correct)

Which characteristic is essential for counseling as described in the content?

  • Free-flowing and unstructured conversation.
  • Rigid adherence to established rules.
  • A structured and facilitative conversation. (correct)
  • Prescriptive advice giving.

How is counseling characterized concerning individuality?

  • It is unique to each individual's needs. (correct)
  • It requires uniform approaches for all.
  • It should focus solely on group dynamics.
  • It is adaptable to societal norms.

What is NOT a goal of the counseling process?

<p>To dictate how a person should lead their life. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key component of the counseling process?

<p>Engaging in a dialogue that facilitates understanding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Counseling as a continuous process implies what?

<p>It requires ongoing interaction over time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential quality for creating a positive atmosphere during client interactions?

<p>Confidence building (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is most effective for understanding a client's feelings?

<p>Sympathetic understanding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is NOT typically associated with counseling?

<p>Providing entertainment during sessions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of a counselor in the counseling process?

<p>To facilitate understanding and self-exploration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What practice should be avoided to maintain a non-judgmental atmosphere?

<p>Dismissing clients' opinions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skill is important for effectively communicating with clients?

<p>Listening actively (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor in managing common psychological complications?

<p>Proficiency in clinical knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quality best reflects the ability to understand cultural differences in client interactions?

<p>Broad-mindedness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a client be greeted to establish rapport?

<p>In a friendly and respectful manner (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective strategy for eliciting more information from clients?

<p>Reemphasizing key words in questions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the client consultation process regarding family planning?

<p>Ask client about her/his needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which information should be collected from the client before discussing family planning methods?

<p>Number of living children (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is important to assess about the client before discussing methods of family planning?

<p>What the client knows about family planning methods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the follow-up visit, what should the counselor do if the client reports they are still using the method?

<p>Ask if they are experiencing any problems or side effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the counselor during the decision-making process with the client?

<p>To guide and support the client's own decision-making (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When explaining family planning methods to the client, which aspect should be addressed?

<p>Advantages, benefits, possible side effects, and disadvantages of each method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to create a private atmosphere during the consultation?

<p>To encourage the client to discuss personal concerns freely (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the counselor do if the client stops using the family planning method?

<p>Inquire about the reasons for discontinuation and suggest alternatives if needed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of counseling when a counselor shares their own HIV positive status?

<p>To foster connection through shared experiences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended step when interacting with a client?

<p>Controlling the conversation at all times (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of communication is emphasized when a counselor observes verbal and nonverbal cues?

<p>Sensitivity to emotions is essential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a counselor do to support a client in making decisions about family planning?

<p>Provide information on various methods and help the client decide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the formal phase of counseling, what is an important step regarding the client's narrative?

<p>Summarize and allow the client to confirm or correct your understanding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of patient/client-centered counseling?

<p>Client shares their story in their own way (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach should a counselor take while providing information about solutions to a client's problem?

<p>Encourage the client to devise their own solutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a non-directive role of a counselor?

<p>Enabling clients to express and explore their thoughts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which description accurately represents counseling as a facilitated dialogue?

<p>A permissive conversation aimed at improving self-awareness and understanding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best exemplifies the role of a counselor in the context of counseling?

<p>To facilitate self-discovery and empowerment in clients. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic should counseling NOT be focused on, according to the content provided?

<p>Aiming for the client to fully comply with the counselor's suggestions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an incorrect understanding of the goals of counseling?

<p>Instructing clients to change their behavior without dialogue. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of counseling is essential for fostering a productive client relationship?

<p>Establishing a structured, yet empathetic environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction between counseling and mere advice-giving?

<p>Counseling facilitates understanding and helps clients make their own decisions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the counseling process is falsely characterized?

<p>It should follow a strict protocol with no flexibility for individual circumstances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options reflects an effective approach in the counseling process?

<p>Encouraging the client to explore their thoughts and feelings deeply. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily meant by creating a non-threatening atmosphere in counseling?

<p>Establishing trust and safety for open dialogue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which attitude is essential for respecting a client's decision-making process?

<p>Maintaining a positive attitude towards their autonomy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What skill is crucial for understanding both physical and psychological cues in a counseling session?

<p>Comprehending verbal and nonverbal languages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the impact of empathy on the counseling process?

<p>Empathy fosters a genuine understanding of the client's experiences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In counseling, why is it important to avoid speculation?

<p>It prevents biases from influencing the counseling process (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential aspect of effective follow-up with clients?

<p>Reassessing client needs and methods used (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which attribute helps a counselor create trust and openness during interactions?

<p>Demonstrating non-judgmental behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does effective listening play in the counseling process?

<p>It fosters a deeper understanding of the client's needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant part of the counseling process related to the client's engagement in the community?

<p>Supporting the client to become involved in community activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a patient/client-centered counseling approach, what is the primary role of the counselor?

<p>To support the client while remaining non-directive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method should a counselor employ to effectively understand the client's experiences?

<p>Encouraging verbal feedback and facilitating self-expression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major aspect should be respected during counseling to create a positive environment?

<p>The client's right to share their story as they choose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following steps is critical when attempting to solve a client's problem in the counseling phase?

<p>Encouraging the client to articulate their challenges (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the initial interaction, what should a counselor prioritize to establish rapport?

<p>Creating a friendly and respectful atmosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial skill for a counselor when interpreting a client's verbal and nonverbal communication?

<p>Being sensitive and responsive to emotional cues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of a counselor during case termination and referral?

<p>To provide guidance on next steps and referrals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical aspect to consider when discussing family planning methods with a client?

<p>Discuss the risks and benefits while dispelling any rumors or misconceptions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a counselor approach a client who has stopped using a recommended family planning method?

<p>Inquire about the reasons for discontinuation and explore alternative methods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a follow-up visit, what is the counselor's primary responsibility if a client continues to use their chosen method?

<p>Ask if the client is experiencing any problems or side effects and address their questions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the counseling context described, what factor best facilitates a client making their own decisions?

<p>An atmosphere of support that allows the client to express their concerns and choices freely. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the counselor during the information-giving process about family planning methods?

<p>To impart knowledge while remaining flexible to the client's unique needs and interests. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an effective approach for a counselor when a client expresses specific interests in a family planning method?

<p>Briefly mention other methods while delving deeper into the client’s preferred method. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best practice concerning privacy during counseling sessions?

<p>Seek to have discussions in a private and secure environment whenever possible. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which counseling technique is best for a counselor to employ to ensure the client feels heard and valued?

<p>Encourage the client to articulate their thoughts and ensure active listening. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of establishing a structured conversation in counseling?

<p>To facilitate a client's quality of life in the face of adversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does counseling empower clients according to the content provided?

<p>By helping them understand and manage their problems, and encouraging positive thinking about their situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify a key difference between counseling and social conversation.

<p>Counseling is a structured and facilitative process, while social conversation is informal and generally unstructured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is flexibility important in the counseling process?

<p>Because counseling should adapt to the unique needs and circumstances of each individual.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what ways does counseling promote well-being in individuals?

<p>By helping them explore, clarify, and resolve personal difficulties while developing their strengths and resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for counseling to be a continuous process?

<p>It implies that counseling involves ongoing dialogues and support tailored to the client's evolving needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a counselor help a client think positively about their problems?

<p>By guiding them to reframe their perspectives and focus on potential solutions rather than limitations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does understanding play in the counseling relationship?

<p>Understanding cultivates trust and facilitates meaningful dialogue, essential for effective counseling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of managing psychological complications like anxiety and depression in counseling?

<p>It helps ensure the counselor can provide appropriate support tailored to the client's emotional needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a counselor create a non-threatening atmosphere during sessions?

<p>By being genuinely understanding, respectful, and maintaining confidentiality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it critical for counselors to avoid imposing their beliefs on clients?

<p>It respects clients' rights to make their own decisions and fosters a sense of autonomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does rapport building play in the counseling process?

<p>It establishes trust, which facilitates open communication between the counselor and the client.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a counselor respond to a client's emotional needs during a session?

<p>By demonstrating empathy and validating their feelings while providing accurate information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of using open-ended questions in counseling?

<p>They encourage clients to express themselves more freely and provide deeper insight into their thoughts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a positive attitude crucial when interacting with clients?

<p>It promotes a supportive environment that enhances client comfort and willingness to engage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary advantage of being observant and unbiased in counseling?

<p>It allows counselors to better understand clients’ unique backgrounds and needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initial information should be recorded about the client during a family planning consultation?

<p>The client's age, marital status, number of previous pregnancies and births, number of living children, basic medical history, previous use of family planning methods, and risk for STDs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a counselor address client concerns about the risks and benefits of family planning methods?

<p>The counselor should discuss the risks vs. benefits openly and dispel any rumors and misconceptions regarding modern methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for the counselor to focus on methods that most interest the client?

<p>Focusing on methods of interest increases the client’s engagement and likelihood of successful adoption of the family planning method.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a follow-up visit, what should a counselor inquire about if the client is still using the chosen method?

<p>The counselor should ask if the client is experiencing any problems or side effects and address any questions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a counselor during the decision-making process with the client?

<p>The counselor's primary function is to create an atmosphere in which the client can work out their problem and make informed decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the client play during the counseling process described in the content?

<p>The client is active, expressing her/his needs and preferences while the counselor facilitates the discussion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the counselor handle a situation where a client reports discontinuing a family planning method?

<p>The counselor should ask why the client stopped using the method and counsel them on the possibility of trying another method or re-trying the same one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of atmosphere is essential for effective counseling, and why?

<p>A non-threatening and private atmosphere is essential to allow the client to express themselves freely and discuss their concerns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a counselor sharing their HIV positive status with the client?

<p>It helps build trust and rapport, enabling the client to relate to shared experiences and fostering a supportive environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the one-on-one interaction contribute to the effectiveness of counseling sessions?

<p>It allows for personalized attention and tailored guidance based on the individual's unique circumstances and feelings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does sharing success stories play in the counseling process?

<p>It serves to inspire hope and encourages positive thinking among clients by demonstrating the possibility of overcoming challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is allowing a client to express themselves fully considered a critical aspect of counseling?

<p>It empowers the client and provides the counselor with insights into the client's true feelings and perspectives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the counselor's sensitivity to nonverbal cues enhance the counseling process?

<p>It helps the counselor recognize unspoken emotions and reactions, allowing for a more tailored and empathetic response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of defining the objectives and roles during the initial phase of counseling?

<p>It clarifies expectations for both the counselor and the client, fostering a structured and goal-oriented counseling experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does involving clients in community activities support their counseling experience?

<p>It promotes social integration and reinforces the idea of support systems, which are crucial for personal growth and healing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental difference between counselor-centered and client-centered approaches in counseling?

<p>Counselor-centered approaches give more control to the counselor, while client-centered approaches empower the client to share their narrative freely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of creating a non-threatening atmosphere in counseling?

<p>It encourages clients to express their thoughts and feelings openly without fear of judgment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a counselor demonstrate empathy during a session?

<p>By actively listening and validating the client's feelings and experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does effective follow-up play in the counseling process?

<p>It helps to assess the client’s progress and provides ongoing support and encouragement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of family counseling?

<p>To facilitate understanding of oneself and the environment, leading to the establishment of goals and values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is dealing with both feelings and facts important in counseling?

<p>It helps to create a holistic understanding of the client's situation, leading to more effective interventions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach should a counselor take to respect a client's individual rights?

<p>Counselors should promote autonomy by encouraging clients to make their own informed decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does counseling help empower clients?

<p>By helping clients gain understanding, manage problems, and think positively, thus enabling them to change behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a counselor utilize open-ended questions effectively?

<p>By asking questions that require more than a yes or no response, inviting deeper conversation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for counseling to be a structured process?

<p>Structure ensures the conversation remains focused on facilitating the client's improvement and quality of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does dialogue play in the counseling process?

<p>Dialogue fosters interaction and understanding, allowing clients to express their thoughts and feelings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of cultural sensitivity in counseling?

<p>It ensures that counselors recognize and respect the diverse backgrounds and values of clients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does a positive attitude affect client interactions?

<p>It creates a supportive environment that fosters client engagement and openness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for counseling to be goal-directed?

<p>It means that counseling focuses on achieving specific outcomes or objectives in the client's life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of flexibility in the counseling process?

<p>Flexibility allows the counseling approach to adapt to the unique needs and situations of individual clients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of communication is essential for fostering a productive relationship in counseling?

<p>Active listening is essential as it ensures that the counselor fully understands the client's concerns and feelings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does counseling differ from simply giving advice?

<p>Counseling is a facilitated process that empowers clients to explore their own solutions rather than just providing direct advice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a counselor sharing their own HIV positive status with the client?

<p>It helps establish trust and encourages openness, fostering a supportive environment for the client.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a counselor ensure a client feels comfortable during the initial interaction?

<p>By greeting the client in a friendly manner and establishing rapport through respectful communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do success stories play in the counseling process?

<p>Success stories provide motivation and convey messages of positive thinking to the client.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the importance of allowing clients to express themselves freely during counseling.

<p>It promotes open communication, enabling the counselor to understand the client's perspective and needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a patient-centered approach, what is the main responsibility of the counselor?

<p>To facilitate the client's decision-making process without imposing their solutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key steps a counselor should take after explaining family planning options to a client?

<p>Assist the client in making an informed decision and explain how to use the chosen method or service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a counselor effectively utilize observation skills during a session?

<p>By paying attention to both verbal and nonverbal cues from the client to gauge their emotions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach should a counselor take when discussing solutions to a client's problems?

<p>Use a supportive and non-directive manner to allow the client to explore possible solutions themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initial information should be gathered from a client during a family planning consultation?

<p>The client's age, marital status, number of previous pregnancies, births, living children, basic medical history, and previous family planning methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a counselor address a client's concerns about modern family planning methods?

<p>The counselor should discuss the risks vs. benefits and dispel any rumors or misconceptions the client may have.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the counselor do if a client expresses interest in a specific family planning method?

<p>The counselor should focus on that method while briefly mentioning other available options.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial step the counselor must take during follow-up visits regarding the family planning method?

<p>The counselor should ask if the client is still using the method and inquires about any problems or side effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a counselor create an environment that promotes client expression during counseling?

<p>The counselor should establish a non-judgmental atmosphere that encourages open dialogue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a counselor do if a client stops using their family planning method?

<p>The counselor should inquire about the reasons for discontinuation and offer to explore alternative methods or re-try the same one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the relationship between the counselor and the client characterized according to the content?

<p>Both the counselor and client share freedom of choice and expression in the counseling process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a counselor play in helping a client during the decision-making process?

<p>The counselor facilitates an atmosphere where the client can reflect on their options and make their own decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Family Counseling

An interactive process where a counselor helps a client understand themselves and their environment, setting goals and values for future behavior.

Counseling Structure

Counseling is structured, focuses on conversation and aims to improve a client's life, not just describe it.

Counseling Goals

Counseling helps clients understand their problems, manage them, gain empowerment, think positively, and change behavior.

Counseling Areas

Counseling covers varied areas like family planning, career development, conflict resolution, self-development, health, stress, and rehabilitation.

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Characteristics of Counseling

Counseling is tailored to each individual, goal-oriented, ongoing, data-driven, and flexible.

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Counseling Approach

Counseling involves helping individuals analyze problems and find solutions emphasizing self-sufficiency and problem-solving skills.

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Counseling vs. Advising

Counseling is about helping clients weigh choices, explore and resolve issues; advice is telling someone what to do.

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Counseling Focus

Counseling aims to provide support for well-being, personal growth, and expressing thoughts and feelings.

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Client Needs Assessment

Gathering information about a client's age, marital status, pregnancy history, children, medical history, family planning methods, and risk factors for STDs.

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Family Planning Methods

Different methods for preventing pregnancy, each with benefits, risks, and usage instructions.

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Risk vs. Benefit Discussion

Helping clients understand the potential advantages and disadvantages of family planning methods.

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Counseling Methods

Various approaches to counseling, ranging from directive to non-directive, adapting to client needs.

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Follow-up Visits

Checking on clients' ongoing use of the chosen family planning methods and addressing any questions or concerns.

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Counselor Role

A counselor facilitates client problem-solving and decision-making, guiding them toward a suitable solution based on their needs and preferences.

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Client-Centered Approach

A counseling style that prioritizes the client's thoughts, feelings, and choices, encouraging self-directed decision-making.

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Counselor-Client Relationship

The interaction between a counselor and client that should create an environment fostering understanding and problem-solving.

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HIV Positive Counseling

Counseling approach where the counselor shares their HIV positive status and experiences with the client, focusing on support, information sharing, and community engagement.

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Client-Centered Counseling

Counseling approach where the client takes the lead, sharing their story and issues, and the counselor listens and supports them in finding solutions without directing.

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Counselor's Role (Non-Directive)

Counselor facilitates the discussion, asking open-ended questions and guiding the client toward self-discovery and solutions.

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Family Planning Counseling

Counseling that focuses on assisting clients in understanding family planning options and services, enabling clients to make informed decisions about their reproductive health.

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Counseling as Support

The counselor provides support and validation to guide a patient through resolving issues.

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Counseling as a Communication Tool

The counselor utilizes effective communication techniques and actively listens to gain insights into the client's problems, empowering the client to find solutions.

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Facilitative Questions

Open-ended questions that encourage clients to reflect and explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.

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Formal teaching

Instructional methods with a structured and organized approach.

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Confidence building

Techniques to enhance self-assurance and positive self-perception.

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Critical and Judgmental

Evaluating others' behaviours or statements negatively, often without fully understanding the context or situation.

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Rapport building

Establishing a connection and trust with another person through mutual understanding.

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Imposing on somebody/Spoon Feeding

Pressuring someone to accept ideas or solutions without considering their own perspectives.

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Genuine and caring understanding

Showing empathy, concern, and a deep-seated interest in another person's experience and feelings.

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Dealing with feelings as well as facts

Acknowledging and considering emotional responses alongside logical information.

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Good working knowledge of the problems/situations

Possessing substantial familiarity with a variety of problems to analyze and solve effectively.

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Ability to communicate information

Clear and effective delivery of information, ensuring accurate and consistent transmission of data.

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Awareness of culture norms

Understanding of different cultural values, beliefs, and practices.

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Proficiency to manage psychological complications

Expertise in handling mental health concerns like anxiety, depression, OCD, and neurological conditions.

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Understanding

The ability to comprehend, interpret, and learn from surroundings, contexts, facts, and information.

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Sincerity

Showing honesty and genuineness in interactions with people.

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Fact

An event, idea, or piece of information that is true or demonstrably accurate.

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Sympathetic

Feeling or showing pity and sorrow for someone else's suffering or trouble..

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Attitude

A disposition or feeling of a person about something.

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Friendliness

Being warm, polite, and amicable in interactions.

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Sense of Humor

The ability to recognize the humorous aspects of things.

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Stability

Showing steadiness of character and composure; free from drastic emotional fluctuations.

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Tolerance

An attitude of accepting something you don't agree with

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Patience

The ability to delay satisfaction.

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Objectivity

Dealing with matters independent of an individual's personal bias.

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Intelligence

The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.

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Kindliness

Showing benevolence, compassion, and generosity.

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Neatness

Attentiveness to order and accuracy.

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Broad-mindedness

Open-mindedness.

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Creating a non-threatening atmosphere

Creating a safe environment where individuals feel comfortable sharing their situations.

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Comprehend physical and psychological language

Understanding both the verbal and non-verbal cues of the person you are interacting with.

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Use open-ended questions

Asking questions that encourage detailed responses, prompting the person to elaborate.

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Credibility

The quality of being believable or trustworthy.

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Observant

Paying close attention to details and behaviours.

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Unbiased

Impartial; not influenced by personal feelings or prejudices.

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Non-judgmental

Not making negative evaluations or judgements

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Sensitive

Capable of responding to the emotional needs and feelings of others.

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Empathetic

Understanding and sharing the feelings of another.

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Listens effectively

Giving full attention and understanding to what someone is saying.

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Lets client decide

Allowing clients to make choices concerning their care.

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Open-minded

Willing to consider new ideas and perspectives.

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Respects the rights of client

Recognizing and valuing the client's rights.

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Greet client

Welcoming the client in a friendly and courteous manner.

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Ask client about needs

Seeking clarification about client's desires and concerns.

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Tell client about options

Providing information about various methods or approaches.

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Help client make decisions

Guiding the client toward a suitable choice considering their needs, resources, and preferences.

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Explain how to use the method

Detailing the instructions for implementing the chosen approach.

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Schedule return visit

Setting up an appointment for the next consultation or treatment.

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Follow-up

Monitoring and supporting the client's progress after the initial service.

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Welcome and register client

Formal greeting and recording of the client's details upon arrival.

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Prepare chart/record

Managing and documenting client information in an organized format.

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Determine purpose of visit

Clarifying the patient's reasons for seeking help or care.

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Give client full attention

Focusing your cognitive and behavioral resources on the client and their needs.

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Assure confidentiality

Confirming protection of all information divulged by client.

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Family Counselling

An interactive process where a counselor helps a family understand themselves and their environment, establishing goals and values for future behavior.

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Counseling Structure

Counseling is structured, focusing on conversation to improve a client's life, avoiding direct advice.

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Counseling Goals

Counseling helps clients understand, manage, empower, think positively about and change their behaviors concerning problems.

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Counseling Areas

A wide range of topics including family planning, career development, conflict resolution, self-development, and health/stress management.

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Characteristics of Counseling

Tailored to individuals, goal-oriented, continuous, and flexible using reliable data.

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Counseling Approach

Helping people solve problems, emphasizing self-sufficiency and problem-solving skills.

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Counseling vs. Advising

Counseling helps clients explore and resolve issues, while advising tells someone what to do.

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Counseling Focus

Providing support for well-being, growth, and expressing thoughts/feelings.

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Client Needs Assessment

Gathering information about a client's age, marital status, pregnancy history, children, medical history, family planning methods, and risk factors for STDs.

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Family Planning Methods

Different methods for preventing pregnancy, each with benefits, risks, and usage instructions.

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Risk vs. Benefit Discussion

Helping clients understand the potential advantages and disadvantages of family planning methods.

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Follow-up Visits

Checking on clients' ongoing use of the chosen family planning methods and addressing any questions or concerns.

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Counselor Role

A counselor facilitates client problem-solving and decision-making, guiding them toward a suitable solution based on their needs and preferences.

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Client-Centered Approach

A counseling style that prioritizes the client's thoughts, feelings, and choices, encouraging self-directed decision-making.

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Counseling as Support

The counselor provides support and validation to guide a patient through resolving issues.

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Privacy

Discussing sensitive issues in a confidential and private setting.

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Client Needs

Understanding the client's requirements and concerns in choosing a method and providing options.

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Method Explanation

Detailing the workings, advantages, disadvantages, and side effects of available methods.

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Follow Up

Ensuring client's continued use of method through return consultation.

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HIV Positive Counseling

A counseling approach where the counselor shares their HIV-positive status and experiences with the client, focusing on support, information sharing, and community engagement.

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Client-Centered Counseling

A counseling approach where the client leads, sharing their story and issues, and the counselor listens and supports them in finding solutions without directing.

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Counselor's Non-Directive Role

Facilitating discussions, asking open-ended questions, guiding the client toward self-discovery and solutions.

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Family Planning Counseling

Counseling focused on helping clients understand family planning options and services, to make informed decisions about reproductive health.

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Facilitative Questions

Open-ended questions that encourage clients to reflect and explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.

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Counseling as Support

The counselor provides support and validation to guide a patient through resolving issues.

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Counseling as a Communication Tool

Using effective communication techniques and active listening to learn about client problems, empowering clients to find solutions.

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Formal Teaching

Structured and organized lesson style for conveying information.

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Confidence Building

Techniques to enhance self-assurance and positive self-perception.

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Rapport Building

Establishing a connection and trust with another person through mutual understanding.

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Imposing on Somebody/Spoon Feeding

Pressuring someone to accept ideas or solutions without considering their own perspectives.

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Genuine and Caring Understanding

Showing empathy, concern, and a deep interest in another person's experience and feelings.

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Open-ended Questions

Questions encouraging detailed responses, allowing the person to elaborate on their thoughts.

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Formal teaching

Structured and organized instructional methods.

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Confidence building

Techniques to boost self-assurance and positive self-image.

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Critical and Judgmental

Negative evaluation of others' actions without understanding context.

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Rapport building

Establishing trust and connection through mutual understanding.

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Imposing on somebody/Spoon Feeding

Pressuring someone to accept ideas without considering their perspective.

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Genuine and caring understanding

Showing empathy and concern for another person's feelings.

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Dealing with feelings and facts

Addressing emotions alongside factual information.

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Good working knowledge

Thorough familiarity with situations and issues to solve them.

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Ability to communicate information

Clear and accurate delivery of information.

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Awareness of culture norms

Understanding cultural values, beliefs, and practices.

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Proficiency to manage psychological complications

Expertise in handling mental health concerns.

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Understanding

Comprehending information and contexts.

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Sincerity

Honesty and genuineness in interactions.

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Fact

True or demonstrably accurate information.

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Sympathetic

Feeling pity and sorrow for another's suffering.

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Attitude

A disposition toward something.

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Friendliness

Warmth and politeness in interactions.

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Sense of Humor

Ability to recognize humorous aspects.

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Stability

Showing steadiness of character.

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Tolerance

Acceptance of differing views.

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Patience

Ability to delay satisfaction.

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Objectivity

Impartiality when dealing with matters.

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Intelligence

Ability to acquire and apply knowledge.

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Kindliness

Showing compassion and generosity.

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Neatness

Attentiveness to order and accuracy.

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Broad-mindedness

Open-mindedness.

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Creating a non-threatening atmosphere

Developing a safe environment for open communication.

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Comprehend physical and psychological language

Understanding both verbal and nonverbal communication cues.

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Use open-ended questions

Asking questions that encourage detailed responses.

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Credibility

Trustworthiness and believability.

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Observant

Paying close attention to details.

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Unbiased

Impartial and not influenced by personal feelings.

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Non-judgmental

Not making negative evaluations.

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Sensitive

Aware of and responsive to others' feelings.

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Empathetic

Understanding and sharing others' feelings.

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Listens effectively

Giving full attention to another's words and thoughts.

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Lets client decide

Allowing clients to make choices about their care.

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Open-minded

Willing to consider a range of viewpoints.

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Respects the rights of client

Valuing client's rights and dignity.

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Greet client

Warmly welcoming the client.

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Ask client about needs

Understanding the client's concerns and requirements.

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Tell client about options

Providing choices and information to clients.

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Help client make decisions

Guiding clients to make informed choices.

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Explain how to use the method

Clearly describing the usage of chosen method.

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Schedule return visit

Setting up appointments for subsequent interactions.

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Follow-up

Monitoring client progress and addressing concerns.

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Welcome and register client

Formally registering a client's visit.

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Prepare chart/record

Documenting client information properly.

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Determine purpose of visit

Identifying client's reason for consultation.

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Give clients full attention

Focusing entirely on the client's needs.

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Assure confidentiality

Guaranteeing client information remains protected.

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Family Counseling

An interactive process where a counselor assists a family in understanding themselves and their environment, leading to establishing goals and values for future behaviors.

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Counseling Structure

Structured conversations (not social) aimed at improving a client's quality of life, focusing on facilitating solutions rather than prescriptive advice.

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Counseling Goals

Counseling helps clients understand, manage, and empower them to positively think about their problems, leading to changes in behavior.

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Counseling Areas

Counseling covers a range of topics, including family planning, career development, conflict resolution, self-improvement, health/stress management, and rehabilitation.

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Characteristics of Counseling

Counseling is tailored to each individual, goal-oriented, continuous, data-driven, and flexible.

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Counseling Approach

Counseling helps people overcome problems by emphasizing self-sufficiency and problem-solving skills.

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Counseling vs. Advising

Counseling involves helping clients explore and analyze issues, whereas advising tells them what to do.

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Counseling Focus

Counseling prioritizes well-being, personal growth, and the expression of thoughts and feelings.

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Client Needs Assessment

Gathering information about the client's background, such as age, marital status, medical history, and family planning methods, including risk factors.

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Private Setting

Discussing sensitive topics in a quiet, confidential place.

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Client Needs Assessment

Gathering information about the client's age, relationship status, pregnancy history, children, medical background, family planning use, and STD risk.

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Family Planning Methods

Various strategies for preventing pregnancy.

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Risk-Benefit Discussion

Explaining the potential advantages and disadvantages of each family planning method to the client.

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Method Explanation

Describing how a method works, its benefits, side effects, and drawbacks.

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Client Choice

Assisting the client in selecting an appropriate family planning method.

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Method Usage Instructions

Explaining how, when, and where to use a chosen method.

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Follow-up Visits

Checking on clients' method use and addressing their issues or concerns during subsequent visits.

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Counselor's Role

Guiding the client toward suitable solutions based on their requirements.

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HIV Positive Counseling

Counseling where the counselor shares their HIV-positive status and experiences with the client, offering support, information, and community engagement.

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Client-Centered Counseling

Counseling approach where the client leads, sharing their story and issues; the counselor listens and supports solutions without directing.

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Counselor's Non-Directive Role

Facilitating discussions, asking open-ended questions, guiding the client toward self-discovery and solutions.

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Family Planning Counseling

Counseling focused on family planning options and services, empowering informed decisions about reproductive health.

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Facilitative Questions

Open-ended questions that encourage clients to reflect and explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.

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Counseling as Support

Counselor provides support and validation to guide a patient through resolving issues.

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Client Needs Assessment

Gathering information about a client's age, marital status, pregnancy history, children, medical history, family planning methods, and risk factors for STDs.

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Family Planning Methods

Different methods for preventing pregnancy, each with benefits, risks, and usage instructions.

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Risk vs. Benefit Discussion

Helping clients understand the potential advantages and disadvantages of family planning methods.

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Formal teaching

Structured and organized instructional methods.

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Confidence building

Techniques to improve self-assurance and positive self-perception.

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Critical and judgmental

Negative evaluation of others' behaviors without full context.

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Rapport building

Establishing a connection and trust through mutual understanding.

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Imposing on somebody/Spoon Feeding

Pressuring acceptance of ideas without considering others' perspectives.

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Genuine and caring understanding

Showing empathy, concern, and deep interest in another's experience.

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Dealing with feelings and facts

Acknowledging and considering emotions alongside logical information.

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Working knowledge of problems

Thorough familiarity with diverse problems to analyze and solve.

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Communicating information

Clear and effective delivery of accurate and consistent data.

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Cultural awareness

Understanding diverse cultural values, beliefs, and practices.

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Manage psychological complications

Expertise in handling mental health concerns (anxiety, depression, etc.).

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Understanding

Comprehending, interpreting, and learning from information and contexts.

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Sincerity

Showing honesty and genuine interest in interactions.

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Fact

True or demonstrably accurate information.

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Sympathetic

Feeling or showing pity and sorrow for another's suffering.

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Attitude

Disposition or feeling about something.

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Friendliness

Warmth, politeness, and amicable conduct in interactions.

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Sense of Humor

Ability to recognize the amusing aspects of things.

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Stability

Steadiness of character and composure, not prone to drastic emotional shifts.

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Tolerance

Acceptance of something you don't agree with.

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Patience

Ability to delay satisfaction.

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Objectivity

Dealing with matters independently of personal bias.

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Intelligence

Ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.

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Kindliness

Showing benevolence, compassion, and generosity.

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Neatness

Attentiveness to order and accuracy.

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Broad-mindedness

Open-mindedness to new ideas and diverse viewpoints.

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Non-threatening atmosphere

Creating a safe environment for open discussion.

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Comprehend physical/psychological language

Understanding both verbal and non-verbal communication.

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Open-ended questions

Questions encouraging detailed responses, not a simple "yes" or "no".

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Credibility

Trustworthiness and believability.

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Observant

Paying close attention to details and behaviors.

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Unbiased

Impartial; not influenced by personal feelings or prejudices.

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Nonjudgmental

Not making negative evaluations or judgments.

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Sensitive

Capable of responding to the emotional needs of others.

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Empathetic

Understanding and sharing the feelings of another.

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Effective Listening

Giving full attention while understanding what another says.

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Client decides

Allowing the client to choose regarding their care.

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Open-minded

Willing to consider new ideas and perspectives.

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Respect client rights

Recognizing and valuing clients' rights and autonomy.

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Family Counseling

An interactive process where a counselor helps a family understand themselves and their environment to establish future goals and values.

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Counseling Structure

Structured conversations, not social, focused on improving a client's life, rather than just describing it.

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Counseling Goals

Helps clients understand problems, manage them, gain empowerment, think positively, and change behaviors.

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Counseling Areas

Wide range of topics: Family planning, career development, conflict resolution, self-development, health, stress management and rehabilitation.

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Characteristics of Counseling

Personalized, goal-oriented, ongoing, data-driven, and flexible process.

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Counseling Approach

Helps people solve problems by emphasizing self-sufficiency and practical problem-solving skills.

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Counseling vs. Advising

Counseling explores and resolves client issues; advising tells the client what to do.

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Counseling Focus

Supports well-being, personal growth, fosters the expression of thoughts and feelings.

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Private Setting for Discussion

Discussing sensitive topics in a private area to ensure confidentiality.

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HIV Positive Counseling

Counseling approach where counselor shares HIV-positive status and experiences, offering support, information, and community engagement.

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Client-Centered Approach

Counseling style prioritizing client's thoughts, feelings, and choices, encouraging self-directed decision making.

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Client Needs Assessment

Collecting details like age, marital status, pregnancy history, medical history, and family planning methods from the client.

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Counselor's Non-Directive Role

Counselor facilitates discussion using open-ended questions, guiding client toward self-discovery and solutions.

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Family Planning Method Interest

Determining the specific family planning methods the client is interested in.

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Risk-Benefit Discussion

Explaining the potential advantages and disadvantages of various family planning methods.

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Family Planning Counseling

Counseling helping clients understand family planning options and services to make informed decisions about reproductive health.

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Method Description

Explaining how each family planning method works, its advantages, disadvantages, and potential side effects.

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Facilitative Questions

Open-ended questions encouraging clients to reflect and explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.

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Counseling as Support

Counselor providing support and validation to help clients resolve issues.

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Method Selection Support

Guiding the client to choose a family planning method that best suits their needs.

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Procedure/Test Explanation

Explaining necessary procedures or lab tests associated with the selected family planning method.

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Counseling as a Communication Tool

Counselor using communication skills and active listening to understand client's problems and empowers client to find solutions.

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Method Usage Instructions

Providing detailed instructions on how, when, and where to use the chosen family planning method.

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Formal Phase of Counseling

Counseling phase where counselor explains their understanding of the client's problem, gathers information and understanding, allows interaction and problem-solving, ends with termination and referrals.

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Resupply Information

Explaining how and when the client can get resupplies of the chosen family planning method.

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Follow-up Visit Discussion

Discussing any concerns or side effects during a follow-up visit.

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Formal teaching

Structured and organized instructional methods.

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Confidence building

Techniques to enhance self-assurance and positive self-image.

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Critical and Judgmental

Negative evaluation of others' behavior without full context.

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Rapport building

Establishing trust and connection with another person.

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Imposing/Spoon Feeding

Pressuring someone to accept ideas without their input.

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Genuine and caring understanding

Showing empathy and concern for another person's experience.

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Dealing with feelings and facts

Considering both emotions and logical information.

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Good working knowledge

Thorough familiarity with the challenges at hand.

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Accurate communication

Clear, consistent, and objective delivery of information.

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Awareness of culture norms

Understanding different cultural values, beliefs, and practices.

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Proficiency managing psychological complications

Expertise in dealing with mental health issues like anxiety, etc.

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Understanding

Comprehending and interpreting information.

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Sincerity

Honesty and genuineness in interactions.

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Fact

An accurate event, idea, or piece of information.

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Sympathetic

Feeling pity and sorrow for someone else's hardship.

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Attitude

A person's disposition or feeling about something.

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Friendliness

Warmth, politeness, and amiability in interactions.

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Sense of Humor

The ability to recognize and appreciate the humorous aspects of things.

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Stability

Showing steadiness of character and emotional composure.

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Tolerance

Accepting viewpoints and beliefs different from oneself.

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Patience

The ability to delay satisfaction.

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Objectivity

Dealing with matters independent of personal bias.

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Intelligence

The ability to acquire and apply knowledge.

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Kindliness

Showing benevolence, compassion, and generosity.

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Neatness

Attention to order and accuracy.

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Broad-mindedness

Open-mindedness to diverse perspectives.

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Creating a non-threatening atmosphere

Making a safe environment to feel comfortable sharing.

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Study Notes

Family Counselling

  • Counselling is a structured conversation, aimed at facilitating a client's quality of life during adversity.
  • It's not social conversation but rather a dialogue and interaction aiming to facilitate solutions.
  • Unlike prescriptive advice, counselling is facilitative.
  • A counsellor is trained, educated and knowledgeable.
  • Counselling is appropriate for everyone; however, professional counselling should be conducted by educated providers.
  • Counselling should be structured, a conversation, and facilitative.
  • Counselling should be based on reliable data and be flexible.

Counselling vs Psychotherapy

  • Counselling is short-term, focuses on surface issues, and is concerned with the here-and-now.
  • Psychotherapy is long-term, tackling deep-seated issues, and focuses on the past and future.

Aims of Counselling

  • Understanding problems better
  • Managing problems effectively
  • Empowering clients/patients
  • Positive thinking regarding problems
  • Positively altering behaviour

Reasons for Family Counselling

  • Family planning
  • Conflict resolution
  • Stress management
  • Health
  • Rehabilitation
  • Crisis intervention
  • Carrier development
  • Self-development
  • Exercise
  • Sanitation
  • Preventive measures

Objectives of Counselling

  • Self-sufficiency and self-reliance
  • Efficient adjustment to life
  • Problem-solving skills
  • Lifestyle and relationship review
  • Personal difficulties resolution
  • Strength and resource development
  • Well-being promotion
  • Thought and feeling expression

Principles of Counselling

  • Individualized and concerned with total individuality
  • Goal-oriented
  • Continuous process
  • Based on reliable data
  • Flexible

Qualities Needed for Counselling

  • Deep understanding of problems/situations
  • Accurate, consistent, objective communication
  • Awareness of cultural norms, values, and lifestyles
  • Proficiency in managing mental and physical health complications (anxiety, depression, OCD, neurological symptoms)
  • Qualities such as understanding, empathy, friendliness, sense of humor, stability, patience, objectivity, sincerity, tolerance, broad-mindedness, kindness, and intelligence.

Basic Counselling Skills

  • Warmth: Creating a non-threatening atmosphere of acceptance.
  • Empathy: Understanding and sharing the feelings of others.
  • Acceptance: Positive attitude toward individuals' decisions.
  • Respect: Respecting individuals' rights.
  • Genuineness: Trustworthy and open communication.
  • Listening and attending: Distraction-free attention and focused listening.
  • Comprehending both physical and psychological language: Understanding both verbal and nonverbal cues.

Good Counsellor Qualities

  • Credibility
  • Observant
  • Unbiased
  • Non-judgmental
  • Sensitive
  • Empathetic
  • Effective listener
  • Client-centered decision-making
  • Open-mindedness
  • Respect for client rights

Stages of Counselling (GATHER)

  • Greet: Friendly, helpful, respectful manner
  • Ask: Client needs, concerns, previous use
  • Tell: Available options and methods
  • Help: Decide on chosen method and method use
  • Explain: Procedures and method usage
  • Return: Schedule follow-up visits

Counselling Phases (Different Layout)

  • Defining problems
  • Defining client expectations
  • Exploring client actions
  • Completing the session
  • Obtaining client commitment

Counselling Styles

  • Directive: Counsellor-centered, providing advice; client follows
  • Non-directive: Client-centered, creating an atmosphere for the client to express themselves freely and make their own decisions
  • Eclectic/Selective/Combination: Client-specific; tailoring the approach based on client personality and needs.

Techniques of Counselling

  • Insight Therapy: Understanding experiences
  • Behavioral Therapy: Changing behavioural patterns
  • Biomedical Therapy: Using drugs to manage health problems.

Problems of Counselling

  • Resistance from clients
  • Cultural differences
  • Strong emotions of clients
  • Counsellor burnout
  • Lack of physical resources

Counselling Theories and Approaches

  • Humanistic: Client's self-resources for a healthy life.
  • Cognitive: Thinking patterns influencing psychological well-being.
  • Behavioral: Environmental factors encouraging problematic behavior.
  • Psychoanalytic: Unconscious psychological drives and relationships.
  • Constructivist: Knowledge as invented understanding.
  • Systemic: Social pressures influencing thinking, feeling, and behavior.

Peer Counselling

  • HIV-positive trained individuals; supporting and offering referral services.
  • Sharing feelings and similar experiences
  • Information on HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and care.
  • Narrating successful stories and promoting positive thinking
  • Encouraging community involvement

Counselling & Health Education

  • Confidentiality: One-to-one or small group sessions
  • Focus: Specific goals, motivating behavior change
  • Generalization: Applying knowledge to increase public health awareness, based on needs.

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