Podcast
Questions and Answers
Factoids are news about events that have not ______.
Factoids are news about events that have not ______.
happened
The second circle of fake news includes strategies such as opportunism and ______ manipulation.
The second circle of fake news includes strategies such as opportunism and ______ manipulation.
frame
The use of ______ lies can be considered a part of the third circle of manipulative practices.
The use of ______ lies can be considered a part of the third circle of manipulative practices.
white
Jokes and white lies comprise the third ______ within the universe of fake news.
Jokes and white lies comprise the third ______ within the universe of fake news.
In post-truth contexts, the ______ media plays a crucial role in shaping public perceptions.
In post-truth contexts, the ______ media plays a crucial role in shaping public perceptions.
Omissions and choices related to contextualization are part of the second circle's ______ strategies.
Omissions and choices related to contextualization are part of the second circle's ______ strategies.
The chapter discusses how certain manipulative practices have become increasingly ______ over the course of the last century.
The chapter discusses how certain manipulative practices have become increasingly ______ over the course of the last century.
The manipulation of reality can occur through quantitative ______ and qualitative alteration.
The manipulation of reality can occur through quantitative ______ and qualitative alteration.
The intentional effort of one or more individuals can result in a false belief about what is really going on in a situation, leading to a _____ of some part of the world.
The intentional effort of one or more individuals can result in a false belief about what is really going on in a situation, leading to a _____ of some part of the world.
Those who engage in deception can be referred to as _____, fabricators, or deceivers.
Those who engage in deception can be referred to as _____, fabricators, or deceivers.
Individuals who are tricked in a deception are often called _____, marks, or victims.
Individuals who are tricked in a deception are often called _____, marks, or victims.
In a business dinner scenario, the wholesaler may play the role of a friend while his true purpose is purely _____ (to sell).
In a business dinner scenario, the wholesaler may play the role of a friend while his true purpose is purely _____ (to sell).
Many companies present themselves with _____ values to gain trust, even when their intentions may be commercial.
Many companies present themselves with _____ values to gain trust, even when their intentions may be commercial.
This manipulation often obscures a different picture and is pervasive in _____ media.
This manipulation often obscures a different picture and is pervasive in _____ media.
Strategic communications are often disguised as _____, aiming to persuade audiences.
Strategic communications are often disguised as _____, aiming to persuade audiences.
The overarching aim of those engaging in this form of manipulation is primarily _____ in nature.
The overarching aim of those engaging in this form of manipulation is primarily _____ in nature.
Deepfakes can be used in ______ by creating videos of political figures giving speeches.
Deepfakes can be used in ______ by creating videos of political figures giving speeches.
Deepfake technology allows for perfect ______ thanks to the use of composite images.
Deepfake technology allows for perfect ______ thanks to the use of composite images.
Frames help us understand different ______ within our society, such as weddings and funerals.
Frames help us understand different ______ within our society, such as weddings and funerals.
The danger of deepfakes lies in their ability to exploit our belief in the ______ of what we see and hear.
The danger of deepfakes lies in their ability to exploit our belief in the ______ of what we see and hear.
Deepfakes create a ______ of the speaker, allowing them to say or do anything.
Deepfakes create a ______ of the speaker, allowing them to say or do anything.
Frame manipulation can lead to ______ confusion, misleading those involved.
Frame manipulation can lead to ______ confusion, misleading those involved.
Deepfakes exploit our trust in our own ______ perceptions.
Deepfakes exploit our trust in our own ______ perceptions.
The idea that a picture is worth a thousand ______ reflects the convincing nature of visual media, including deepfakes.
The idea that a picture is worth a thousand ______ reflects the convincing nature of visual media, including deepfakes.
The communist government of Poland tried to downplay the numbers and impact of John Paul II's ______ to Poland.
The communist government of Poland tried to downplay the numbers and impact of John Paul II's ______ to Poland.
The weak Iranian government used similar strategies following the return of ______ Khomeini from exile.
The weak Iranian government used similar strategies following the return of ______ Khomeini from exile.
The controversy about Donald Trump's inaugural ceremony was marked by clashing ______.
The controversy about Donald Trump's inaugural ceremony was marked by clashing ______.
Qualitative alteration suggests making things appear ______ than they are.
Qualitative alteration suggests making things appear ______ than they are.
A famous photograph of St. Paul's Cathedral became an icon of resistance during ______.
A famous photograph of St. Paul's Cathedral became an icon of resistance during ______.
The Daily Mail retouched the photo of St. Paul's Cathedral to make the scene appear darker and more ______.
The Daily Mail retouched the photo of St. Paul's Cathedral to make the scene appear darker and more ______.
German newspapers used the retouched image to imply that England was ______ and close to surrender.
German newspapers used the retouched image to imply that England was ______ and close to surrender.
Thanks to ______, anyone can now retouch photos using their smartphones.
Thanks to ______, anyone can now retouch photos using their smartphones.
Bernays organized a group of young women to smoke cigarettes in the 1929 Easter Sunday ______.
Bernays organized a group of young women to smoke cigarettes in the 1929 Easter Sunday ______.
The event was financed by the American Tobacco Company with the goal of increasing female ______ of its product.
The event was financed by the American Tobacco Company with the goal of increasing female ______ of its product.
The event was called a pseudo-event, reflecting the ______ nature of its planning for commercial gain.
The event was called a pseudo-event, reflecting the ______ nature of its planning for commercial gain.
To guarantee optimum visibility, it was ______ beforehand to the media.
To guarantee optimum visibility, it was ______ beforehand to the media.
The theatrical skills of the creators are important, but the attitude of the media and large tech ______ is also decisive.
The theatrical skills of the creators are important, but the attitude of the media and large tech ______ is also decisive.
Femen activists are known for disrupting official gatherings and confronting politicians while ______.
Femen activists are known for disrupting official gatherings and confronting politicians while ______.
Pussy Riot protested Putin's re-election by performing a sacrilegious song in the Cathedral of Christ the ______.
Pussy Riot protested Putin's re-election by performing a sacrilegious song in the Cathedral of Christ the ______.
The creation of pseudo-events is a strategy practised by every office and agency of ______ in our media-saturated society.
The creation of pseudo-events is a strategy practised by every office and agency of ______ in our media-saturated society.
The exploitation of beliefs and emotions for manipulative ends is supported by studies from mass psychology and ______.
The exploitation of beliefs and emotions for manipulative ends is supported by studies from mass psychology and ______.
The rise of the ______ approach has influenced many areas within philosophy.
The rise of the ______ approach has influenced many areas within philosophy.
Constructivist approaches arise from various ______ perspectives.
Constructivist approaches arise from various ______ perspectives.
Communication theories have encouraged the social construction of ______ by the media.
Communication theories have encouraged the social construction of ______ by the media.
Journalists are increasingly viewed as constructors of ______ rather than mere representatives.
Journalists are increasingly viewed as constructors of ______ rather than mere representatives.
A foundational adherence to a natural realism considers communication as a ______ reality.
A foundational adherence to a natural realism considers communication as a ______ reality.
The chapter identifies five processes contributing to the weakening of the concepts of ‘truth’ and ______.
The chapter identifies five processes contributing to the weakening of the concepts of ‘truth’ and ______.
A shift towards a constructivist attitude aligns reality with ______.
A shift towards a constructivist attitude aligns reality with ______.
Flashcards
Factoids
Factoids
News about events that never happened, often presented as genuine news.
Opportunistic Strategies
Opportunistic Strategies
Strategies that manipulate information to benefit a specific agenda.
Frame Manipulation
Frame Manipulation
Controlling how information is presented to influence perception.
Pseudo-Events
Pseudo-Events
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Quantitative Deformation
Quantitative Deformation
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Qualitative Alteration of Reality
Qualitative Alteration of Reality
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Omissions and Choices Related to Contextualization
Omissions and Choices Related to Contextualization
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Post-Truth
Post-Truth
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Deepfake
Deepfake
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Deep learning
Deep learning
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Frames
Frames
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Frame Confusion
Frame Confusion
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Frankenstein's monster
Frankenstein's monster
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Deepfakes: Trust and Reality
Deepfakes: Trust and Reality
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Deepfakes vs. Fake news
Deepfakes vs. Fake news
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Operatives
Operatives
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Dupes
Dupes
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Instrumental End
Instrumental End
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Strategic Communication
Strategic Communication
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Advertising Disguised as Information
Advertising Disguised as Information
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Ethical Adornment
Ethical Adornment
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Picture Manipulation
Picture Manipulation
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Leveraging Social Issues for Promotion
Leveraging Social Issues for Promotion
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Publicity Strategy
Publicity Strategy
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Theatrical Event Design
Theatrical Event Design
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Media Complicity in Pseudo-events
Media Complicity in Pseudo-events
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Breaking Through the Screen
Breaking Through the Screen
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Provocative Activism
Provocative Activism
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Commercial Purpose of Pseudo-events
Commercial Purpose of Pseudo-events
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Natural Realism
Natural Realism
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Constructivist Approach
Constructivist Approach
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Mass Psychology
Mass Psychology
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Postmodernism
Postmodernism
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Social Construction of Reality
Social Construction of Reality
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Journalism as Reality Construction
Journalism as Reality Construction
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Post-Truth Era
Post-Truth Era
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Factors contributing to Post-Truth
Factors contributing to Post-Truth
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Image manipulation
Image manipulation
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Controlling information to create an impression
Controlling information to create an impression
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Photomontage
Photomontage
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Icon of resistance
Icon of resistance
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St. Paul's Cathedral photo during World War II
St. Paul's Cathedral photo during World War II
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Post-truth in practice
Post-truth in practice
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Study Notes
Book Title and Authors
- The History and Theory of Post-Truth Communication
- Giovanni Maddalena and Guido Gili
Contents
- What Are We Talking About?
- Post-Truth in Practice
- Who's Speaking (But Really)?
- The Rigged Game of Framing
- Words That Obscure Facts
- The Creation of Pseudo-Events
- Factoids: Media Hallucinations That Modify Reality
- Lies, Omissions, and Much More
- A Typology of Fake News
- Post-Truth in Theory
- Understanding (and Exploiting) Human Motives
- The Mob Mentality
- War and Totalitarian Regimes: The Grand Laboratory
- Selling Ideas on the Market
- The Homogenization of Mass Society
- Understanding (and Exploiting) Human Motives
- The Critique of Truth
- Truth and Truths: Developments in Philosophy
- From Social Order to Communicative Order: Developments in Sociology
- The Backlash and Side Effects
- New Entrants into the Media
- Unwelcome Protagonists: New Heroes and New Armies
- Disintermediation: New Rules of Engagement
- Infiltrating the Network: Circumvention
- New Entrants into the Media
- The Future of Post-Truth: Defences, Defended, and Defenceless
- Who Is Most Vulnerable?
- The Desire to Believe
- Not Me! The Third-Person Effect
- The Peripheral Route of Attention
- Conspiracy Theories
- Who Is Most Vulnerable?
- Three Strategies to Defend Yourself
- Cultivating Critical Thought
- Back to Reality. Which Reality?
- A Proposal of Rich, Relational Realism
References
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Description
This quiz explores the various strategies and practices associated with fake news and manipulation in the media. It covers the definitions and implications of factoids, deceivers, and the role of media in shaping perceptions within a post-truth context. Test your knowledge on these critical manipulative practices and their evolution over time.
