Factors Influencing Climate Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is climate?

The long term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region.

What are the two factors that affect climate?

Temperature and precipitation.

What is a microclimate?

Small areas with climate conditions that differ from those around them.

What are the three factors that affect temperature?

<p>Latitude, altitude, and distance from oceans and lakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is latitude?

<p>Earth's surface is divided into three temperature zones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tropical zone?

<p>Area near the equator that has a warm climate since it receives direct sunlight all year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the polar zone?

<p>Cold climates because the sun strikes the ground at lower angles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperate zone?

<p>Between the polar and tropical zones with weather that ranges from warm in summer to cold in winter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is altitude?

<p>Climate factor because air temperature decreases as altitude increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is distance from oceans and lakes?

<p>Large bodies of water influence temperatures because water heats up and cools down more slowly than land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are marine climates?

<p>Relatively warm winters and cool summers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are continental climates?

<p>Occur in inland areas and are often characterized by cold winters and warm or hot summers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ocean currents?

<p>Currents cool or warm air above them, bringing warm or cooled air to the land it touches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three factors that affect precipitation?

<p>Prevailing winds, presence of mountains, and seasons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are prevailing winds?

<p>Winds carry warm, moist air or cool air over land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the presence of mountains?

<p>A mountain range in the path of prevailing winds influences where precipitation falls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are rain shadows?

<p>Areas of low rainfall on the downward, or leeward side of the mountain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are seasons?

<p>Sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the seasons are called monsoons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Climate Basics

  • Climate refers to the long-term average weather conditions in a specific region.

Key Climate Influencing Factors

  • Two primary factors affecting climate are temperature and precipitation.

Microclimates

  • Microclimates are small areas with unique climate conditions that differ from the surrounding environment.

Temperature Influences

  • Three main factors that affect temperature:
    • Latitude: Divides Earth's surface into three temperature zones.
    • Altitude: Temperature decreases as altitude increases.
    • Distance from oceans and lakes: Large bodies of water moderate temperatures by heating and cooling slowly.

Temperature Zones

  • Tropical Zone: Located near the equator with warm climates due to direct sunlight year-round.
  • Polar Zone: Characterized by cold climates as sunlight strikes the ground at lower angles.
  • Temperate Zone: Found between polar and tropical zones, it experiences warm summers and cold winters.

Climate Types

  • Marine Climates: Feature relatively warm winters and cool summers.
  • Continental Climates: Occur inland, marked by cold winters and warm to hot summers.

Ocean Currents

  • Ocean currents affect climate by transporting warm or cool air to adjacent land areas.

Precipitation Influences

  • Three main factors affecting precipitation:
    • Prevailing Winds: Carry warm, moist air or cool air over land.
    • Presence of Mountains: Mountain ranges block prevailing winds, influencing where precipitation falls.
    • Seasons: Monsoons occur when sea and land breezes shift direction with changing seasons.

Rain Shadows

  • Rain shadows are areas of low rainfall found on the leeward side of mountains, resulting from the blockage of moist air by the mountains.

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Description

This set of flashcards covers essential terms and concepts related to factors influencing climate. Explore definitions and questions about climate, microclimates, and the main factors affecting temperature and precipitation. Perfect for students studying environmental science or related fields.

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