Factors Affecting Respiratory Defense in Swine
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Questions and Answers

What is the main mechanism by which environmental influences can impair the respiratory defenses in swine?

  • Overwhelming the pulmonary macrophages
  • Introducing primary respiratory pathogens
  • Causing necrosis of the airway epithelium
  • Binding to the cilia and causing ciliostasis (correct)

Which of the following primary respiratory pathogens is most commonly associated with the development of secondary bacterial bronchopneumonia in swine?

  • PRRSV
  • M. hyopneumoniae
  • PCV2
  • All of the above (correct)

Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to contribute to the overwhelming of respiratory defenses in swine?

  • Exposure to primary respiratory pathogens (correct)
  • Concurrent infections
  • Nutritional deficiencies
  • Stress

Which type of pneumonia in swine is characterized by cranioventral consolidation and suppurative bronchopneumonia?

<p>Suppurative bronchopneumonia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of pulmonary macrophages in the respiratory defense mechanisms of swine?

<p>Phagocytizing and clearing pathogens and debris from the lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following environmental factors is MOST likely to contribute to the development of pulmonary edema in swine with respiratory disease?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major manifestation of enzootic pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae?

<p>Dry or crackling, hacking cough (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection on macrophages?

<p>Impaired phagocytic activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae penetration into the respiratory epithelium?

<p>Clumping and loss of cilia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic incubation period of enzootic pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae?

<p>10-16 days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial species is associated with toxemic bronchopneumonia in cases of enzootic pneumonia?

<p>Pasteurella spp. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for a dry hacking cough in pigs affected by enzootic pneumonia?

<p>Excessive mucus production by goblet cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of the ApxI toxin in the pathogenesis of porcine pleuropneumonia?

<p>It induces apoptosis in porcine alveolar epithelial cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the initial stage of infection in porcine pleuropneumonia?

<p>Attachment of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to the tonsil epithelial cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the pathogenesis of porcine pleuropneumonia?

<p>Induction of septicemia (bloodstream infection) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of porcine pleuropneumonia?

<p>Macrophages are debilitated by the hemolysin produced by the bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following clinical signs is NOT associated with porcine pleuropneumonia?

<p>Septicemia (bloodstream infection) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of porcine pleuropneumonia?

<p>Cytokine production excites the host defenses and increases alveolar capillary permeability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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