Factors Affecting Mobility and Immobility in Nursing

Factors Affecting Mobility

• Personal factors such as age, physical health, and psychological well-being impact mobility.
• Environmental factors include access to assistive devices and the layout of surroundings.
• Health conditions (e.g., arthritis, neurological disorders) can limit movement.

Impact of Age and Development on Mobility

• Infants exhibit reflexive movements that develop into voluntary actions as they grow.
• Musculoskeletal development impacts strength and coordination across different ages.
• The nervous system's maturation affects balance, control, and overall mobility.

Importance of Oxygenation for Patient Safety

• Adequate oxygenation is essential for cellular function and energy production.
• Insufficient oxygen levels can lead to confusion, organ damage, and decreased safety.
• Maintaining proper oxygenation reduces risks associated with exhaustion and falls.

Characteristics of Newborn Movements

• Newborns display involuntary reflexes such as suckling and grasping.
• Movements are primarily random and uncoordinated until neurodevelopment enhances motor control.
• As developmental milestones are reached, voluntary movements become more apparent.

Importance of Hygienic Care for Patients

• Proper hygiene prevents infections and promotes wound healing.
• Hygiene care contributes to a patient's overall comfort and psychological well-being.
• Regular hygienic practices can enhance recovery rates and reduce hospital stays.

Influences on Hildegard E. Peplau's Theory Development

• Hildegard E. Peplau was influenced by the work of Sigmund Freud in understanding interpersonal relations.
• Peplau integrated psychological concepts into her nursing theory framework.

Main Objective of Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Theory

• The primary aim is to improve patient care through effective nurse-patient interactions.
• Focus on establishing trust and understanding between nurses and patients.

Tension Reduction through Needs

• According to Peplau, individuals experience tension from unmet needs and strive to reduce this tension through relationships.
• These relationships are essential for fulfilling emotional, social, and physical needs.

Differences Between Social Communication and Therapeutic Communication

• Social communication typically involves casual and informal interactions among individuals.
• Therapeutic communication is purposeful and focused on promoting the patient's health and well-being.

Major Concepts of Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Theory

• Orientation phase: Developing nurse-client relationships and understanding needs.
• Working phase: Engaging in problem-solving and addressing health issues collaboratively.
• Termination phase: Evaluating outcomes and ending the nurse-client relationship appropriately.