Podcast
Questions and Answers
Quel impact a une augmentation de la concurrence sur le coût de production selon les courbes d'offre agrégée?
Quel impact a une augmentation de la concurrence sur le coût de production selon les courbes d'offre agrégée?
Quelles de ces situations entraîneraient un déplacement à gauche de la courbe d'offre agrégée à court terme (SRAS)?
Quelles de ces situations entraîneraient un déplacement à gauche de la courbe d'offre agrégée à court terme (SRAS)?
Quels facteurs peuvent entraîner un déplacement de la courbe d'offre agrégée à long terme (LRAS) vers la droite?
Quels facteurs peuvent entraîner un déplacement de la courbe d'offre agrégée à long terme (LRAS) vers la droite?
Quel effet a une détérioration technologique sur la courbe LRAS?
Quel effet a une détérioration technologique sur la courbe LRAS?
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Comment les changements dans les institutions peuvent-ils influencer la courbe LRAS?
Comment les changements dans les institutions peuvent-ils influencer la courbe LRAS?
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Quel facteur influence directement le coût de production et peut entraîner un déplacement de la courbe SRAS vers la gauche ?
Quel facteur influence directement le coût de production et peut entraîner un déplacement de la courbe SRAS vers la gauche ?
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Dans quelle situation la courbe SRAS se déplacerait-elle vers la droite ?
Dans quelle situation la courbe SRAS se déplacerait-elle vers la droite ?
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Comment les attentes des entreprises concernant le niveau des prix futurs influencent-elles leur production actuelle ?
Comment les attentes des entreprises concernant le niveau des prix futurs influencent-elles leur production actuelle ?
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Quel effet une réduction des réglementations gouvernementales aurait-elle sur la courbe SRAS ?
Quel effet une réduction des réglementations gouvernementales aurait-elle sur la courbe SRAS ?
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Quel est l'impact des prix d'intrants en augmentation sur la courbe SRAS ?
Quel est l'impact des prix d'intrants en augmentation sur la courbe SRAS ?
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Quelle affirmation concernant les attentes des entreprises est correcte par rapport au déplacement de la courbe SRAS ?
Quelle affirmation concernant les attentes des entreprises est correcte par rapport au déplacement de la courbe SRAS ?
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Quel progrès technologique a pour effet d'influencer la courbe SRAS ?
Quel progrès technologique a pour effet d'influencer la courbe SRAS ?
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Quel élément n'entraîne pas un déplacement de la courbe SRAS ?
Quel élément n'entraîne pas un déplacement de la courbe SRAS ?
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Study Notes
Factors Affecting the Aggregate Supply Curve (AS)
- The aggregate supply (AS) curve depicts the relationship between the overall price level and the quantity of real GDP supplied in an economy.
- Movements along the AS curve are caused by changes in the price level, reflecting changes in the quantity of output supplied in response to price adjustments.
- Shifts in the AS curve are due to changes in factors other than the price level, affecting the overall productive capacity of the economy.
Shifts of the AS Curve: Factors Affecting Short-Run Aggregate Supply (SRAS)
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Input Prices: Changes in the prices of resources such as labor, raw materials, and energy significantly impact production costs.
- Rising input prices increase production costs, shifting the SRAS curve to the left.
- Declining input prices decrease production costs, shifting the SRAS curve to the right.
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Expected Price Level: Firms' expectations about future price levels influence their current production decisions.
- If firms anticipate higher future prices, they may raise current prices and output, shifting the short-run aggregate supply (SRAS) curve to the right.
- Conversely, if firms anticipate lower future prices, current prices and output may be reduced, leading to a leftward shift of the SRAS curve.
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Technology: Advances in technology generally increase productivity, lowering production costs, and shifting the SRAS curve to the right.
- Technological advancements enhance efficiency and output.
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Government Regulations and Taxes: Government regulations and taxes can influence production costs.
- Increased regulations or taxes might increase production costs and shift the SRAS curve to the left.
- Conversely, lower regulations and less taxes often decrease costs, moving the SRAS curve to the right.
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Business Expectations: Firm expectations regarding future sales and the overall economic environment affect their production plans.
- Positive expectations frequently lead to increased investment and higher output, shifting the SRAS curve to the right.
- Conversely, pessimistic expectations decrease investment and output, resulting in a leftward shift of the SRAS curve.
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Legal Changes: Changes in labour laws, environmental regulations or other legal aspects also have consequences on production costs and shifts the SRAS curve.
- More stringent legislation or enforcement frequently raise production costs, causing the SRAS curve to shift to the left.
- Simpler rules and better enforcing the laws often decrease costs, pushing the SRAS curve to the right.
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Changes in Market Structure: Competition between firms or market concentration can impact cost structures and affect the overall supply curve.
- Increased competition sometimes lowers average production costs.
- Conversely, a decrease in competition or increase in market power can affect this as well, raising costs and shifting the SRAS curve to the left.
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Natural Disasters and Wars: Natural calamities and wars lead to disruptions of supply chains.
- Natural disasters or wars can hinder production, shifting the SRAS curve to the left.
- Supply Chain Disruptions: Factors impacting global trade or local supply chain issues affect production and change costs, shifting the SRAS curve.
Shifts of the AS Curve: Factors Affecting Long-Run Aggregate Supply (LRAS)
- The long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve is vertical, reflecting the economy's potential output given its resources and technology.
- Changes that affect the economy's productive potential over the long run cause shifts in the LRAS curve.
- Factors that alter the LRAS include:
- Changes in labor force size and quality (skilled and unskilled)
- Increases or decreases in the stock of capital (machinery)
- Technological advances or deterioration
- Natural resource discoveries or depletion
- Government policies (such as investments in infrastructure)
- Changes in institutions fostering innovation and efficiency
- Changes in productivity
Summary of the impact of AS curve changes
- Leftward shifts in any AS curve (long-run or short-run) increase prices while reducing output.
- Rightward shifts lead to lower prices and increased output.
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Description
Ce quiz explore les facteurs influençant la courbe d'offre globale (AS). Il décrit comment les variations des prix des ressources et les attentes de prix futurs peuvent déplacer la courbe d'offre à court terme. Testez vos connaissances sur les aspects économiques de l'offre globale.