Facial Nerve (VII) hard
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of the larger main motor root of the facial nerve?

  • Provide motor functions to facial muscles (correct)
  • Supply sensory information from the external ear
  • Transmit taste sensations from the anterior tongue
  • Regulate saliva production in the parotid gland
  • Which anatomical region does the facial nerve NOT primarily supply?

  • Muscles of facial expression
  • Sublingual salivary gland
  • Lacrimal glands
  • Muscles of mastication (correct)
  • What is a critical parasympathetic function of the facial nerve?

  • Control secretion from the parotid gland
  • Enable taste sensation in the posterior tongue
  • Stimulate the contraction of the stapedius muscle
  • Facilitate saliva production in the submandibular gland (correct)
  • What is the significance of the chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve?

    <p>It transmits taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the course of the facial nerve in the intracranial region?

    <p>It travels through the internal auditory meatus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following functions is NOT associated with the nervus intermedius of the facial nerve?

    <p>Motor control of facial muscles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sensory information does the facial nerve relay from the external ear?

    <p>Pain signals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are primarily innervated by the facial nerve?

    <p>Buccinator and orbicularis oculi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of anatomical regions, what is the distinction between the intracranial and extracranial parts of the facial nerve?

    <p>Extracranial includes sensory and motor functions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the greater petrosal nerve?

    <p>Parasympathetic innervation to lacrimal and mucous glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure does the facial nerve exit the skull through?

    <p>Stylomastoid foramen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the chorda tympani specifically innervate?

    <p>Anterior 2/3 of the tongue for taste (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the facial nerve is responsible for damping loud noises?

    <p>Nerve to stapedius (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an extracranial branch of the facial nerve?

    <p>Oculomotor branch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fibers does the chorda tympani carry to the submandibular and sublingual glands?

    <p>Parasympathetic fibers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves ascends in front of the mastoid process?

    <p>Posterior auricular nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many major branches does the facial nerve terminate into after passing through the parotid gland?

    <p>5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the motor roots of the facial nerve?

    <p>Motor function to muscles of facial expression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the facial nerve is involved in taste sensation?

    <p>Chorda tympani (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of an intracranial lesion of the facial nerve?

    <p>Infection related to the external or middle ear (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is likely to occur if the chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve is affected?

    <p>Loss of taste on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesions affect only motor function of the facial nerve?

    <p>Extracranial lesions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which condition might a patient experience hypersensitivity to sound?

    <p>Bell’s palsy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might the term Bell's palsy be used in cases of facial nerve paralysis?

    <p>No specific cause can be identified (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of a facial nerve lesion?

    <p>Loss of peripheral vision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature marks the exit point of the facial nerve in relation to extrinsic lesions?

    <p>Stylomastoid foramen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is a potential cause of extrinsic facial nerve lesions?

    <p>Parotid gland pathology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could result from severe pressure applied during childbirth concerning the facial nerve?

    <p>Extrinsic nerve paralysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is associated with reduced function of the lacrimal gland due to facial nerve damage?

    <p>Dry eye (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?

    <p>Raises the hyoid bone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the facial nerve is responsible for supplying the zygomaticus muscle?

    <p>Buccal branch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles does the mandibular branch of the facial nerve supply?

    <p>Mentalis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the cervical branch of the facial nerve?

    <p>Supplies the platysma muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is NOT supplied by the temporal branch of the facial nerve?

    <p>Depressor labii inferioris (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve?

    <p>Supplies the upper part of the orbicularis oculi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly identifies the function of the buccal branch?

    <p>Supplies the orbicularis oris and buccinator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many terminal branches does the facial nerve typically have within the parotid gland?

    <p>Five (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary function does the platysma muscle serve when supplied by the cervical branch?

    <p>Raises the skin of the neck (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the facial nerve is responsible for innervating the auricular muscles?

    <p>Temporal branch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Facial Nerve (VII)

    The 7th cranial nerve, responsible for facial expressions, taste, and saliva production.

    Motor Root

    The larger root of the Facial nerve, responsible for movement of facial muscles.

    Nervus Intermedius

    The smaller root of the Facial nerve, carrying sensory and parasympathetic information.

    Intracranial Course

    Facial nerve's path within the skull.

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    Extracranial Course

    Facial nerve's path outside the skull, to the face and neck.

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    Facial Muscles

    Muscles controlled by the motor root of the Facial nerve, enabling facial expressions.

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    Taste of Anterior 2/3 Tongue

    Sensory function of the Facial nerve, transmitting taste information from the front two-thirds of the tongue.

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    Chorda Tympani

    Branch of facial nerve carrying taste and salivary gland signals.

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    Saliva Production

    Facial nerve's parasympathetic function controlling salivary glands.

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    Internal Auditory Meatus

    Canal through which the facial nerve passes.

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    Intracranial Facial Nerve

    Part of the facial nerve located within the skull.

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    Facial Canal

    Passage within the skull that the facial nerve travels through.

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    3 Branches (Intracranial)

    Greater petrosal, nerve to stapedius, and chorda tympani, are the 3 branches before exiting the facial canal.

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    Greater Petrosal Nerve

    Parasympathetic nerve, innervates nose, sinuses, palate, and tear glands.

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    Nerve to Stapedius

    Motor nerve that controls middle ear muscle that dampens sound.

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    Chorda Tympani

    Special sensory and parasympathetic nerve, taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue and salivary glands.

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    Extracranial Facial Nerve

    Part of the facial nerve located outside the skull.

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    Stylomastoid Foramen

    Opening in the skull where the facial nerve exits.

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    Posterior Auricular Nerve

    Motor nerve that supplies muscles of the outer ear.

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    5 Branches (Extracranial)

    Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, and cervical, are the 5 branches that extend to the face and supply motor function to facial muscles.

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    Posterior Digastric Muscle Function

    Elevates the hyoid bone.

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    Facial Nerve Branches

    5 terminal branches within the parotid gland, controlling facial expressions

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    Facial Branches Locations

    Each facial branch provides motor function to specific facial muscles.

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    Temporal Branch Function

    Supplies muscles in the forehead and upper eyelid.

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    Zygomatic Branch Function

    Supplies muscles around the eyes and upper lip.

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    Buccal Branch Function

    Supplies muscles of the mouth and cheeks.

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    Mandibular Branch Function

    Supplies muscles of the lower lip and chin.

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    Cervical Branch Function

    Supplies the platysma muscle of the neck.

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    Platysma Muscle Function

    Moves and shapes the skin of the neck.

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    Facial Nerve's Terminal Branches

    The nerve splits into multiple branches to control unique and diverse facial muscles.

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    Intracranial facial nerve lesion

    Damage to the facial nerve before it exits the skull (stylomastoid foramen).

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    Extracranial facial nerve lesion

    Damage to the facial nerve after it exits the skull (stylomastoid foramen).

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    Bell's Palsy

    Facial paralysis of unknown cause.

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    Facial Nerve Branches

    Facial nerve components affecting different parts of the face, possibly causing various symptoms.

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    Facial Expression Muscles

    Sets of muscles controlling facial movements.

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    Infection of ear

    Common cause for intracranial facial nerve lesion

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    Loss of Taste

    Reduced or absent ability to taste , anterior two thirds is typically affected

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    Reduced lacrimal function

    Decreased tear production in the eyes.

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    Reduced Salivation

    Diminished saliva production.

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    Parotid gland pathology

    Issues affecting the salivary gland, like tumors, inflammation, or surgery.

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    Study Notes

    Facial Nerve (VII) Overview

    • The facial nerve is the 7th cranial nerve.
    • It's associated with the 2nd pharyngeal arch.
    • It emerges from the brain between the pons and medulla.
    • It has two roots: a larger motor root and a smaller root called the nervus intermedius.
    • The nerve passes into the internal auditory meatus.

    Function of Facial Nerve

    • Motor: Controls muscles of facial expression (e.g., orbicularis oculi, buccinator, zygomaticus, platysma).
    • Sensory: Taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue (via chorda tympani).
    • Sensory: Sensory information from the external ear .
    • Parasympathetic: Innervates salivary glands (submandibular and sublingual), lacrimal gland, nasal, palatine, and pharyngeal mucous glands.

    Anatomical Course

    • Intracranial: The nerve travels through the cranial cavity.
    • Extracranial: The nerve exits the cranium via the stylomastoid foramen and travels through the parotid gland.
    • It branches into 5 major branches:
      • Temporal branch
      • Zygomatic branch
      • Buccal branch
      • Marginal mandibular branch
      • Cervical branch

    Branches of Facial Nerve

    • Temporal branch: Supplies muscles for eyebrow movements, and the frontalis and orbicularis oculi
    • Zygomatic branch: Supplies muscles around the eyes and upper lip.
    • Buccal branch: Serves the muscles for mouth movement, including orbicularis oris, buccinator.
    • Marginal mandibular branch: Supplies the lower lip and chin muscles.
    • Cervical branch: Supplies the platysma muscle (neck). This muscle helps move the skin of the neck.
    • Posterior auricular branch: Innervates muscles of the outer ear and the occipital portion of the occipitofrontalis.

    Facial Nerve - Damage

    • Intracranial lesions: Damage to the nerve before it reaches the stylomastoid foramen can be caused by ear infections or stroke.
    • Extracranial lesions: Damage outside the stylomastoid foramen, often results in paralysis or weakness of facial muscles, potentially from parotid gland problems, infections (like herpes), or surgery.

    Clinical Findings & Symptoms

    • Dry eyes: reduced lacrimal gland function
    • Dry mouth: reduced salivary gland function
    • Taste loss: on the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
    • Difficulty talking: if facial nerves related to sound production are affected.
    • Paralysis or weakness: of the facial muscles, resulting in abnormal facial expressions.

    Nerve to Stapedius

    • A branch of the facial nerve responsible for controlling a tiny muscle in the middle ear (stapedius muscle).
    • Controls the level of sound entering the ear to avoid damage in case of loud sounds.

    Trigeminal and Facial Nerve Examination

    • A clinical diagnostic method for assessing the function of both nerves.

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    Description

    Explore the crucial roles of the facial nerve, the 7th cranial nerve that controls facial expressions and sensory functions. This quiz covers its anatomical course, including its motor, sensory, and parasympathetic functions. Test your knowledge on this essential nerve and its clinical significance.

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