Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the focus of the diagnosis in the context of orthodontic problems?
What is the focus of the diagnosis in the context of orthodontic problems?
- Assessment of soft tissues and skeletal growth
- Skeletal discrepancy and dental esthetics
- Qualitative analysis of facial form
- Facial and skeletal diagnosis (correct)
What is considered in the rules for facial analysis according to Dr. David Sarver?
What is considered in the rules for facial analysis according to Dr. David Sarver?
- 3-dimensional assessment and spectrum of craniofacial disorders
- Natural head position and relaxed lip position (correct)
- Smile and profile facing right
- Involvement of other organs and dento-alveolar problems
What is the purpose of assessing the facial form in orthodontic diagnosis?
What is the purpose of assessing the facial form in orthodontic diagnosis?
- To confirm skelettal and muscular problems
- To assess only esthetic impact
- To identify only growth abnormalities
- To determine if it is within the spectrum of a craniofacial disorder (correct)
What does the neutral zone refer to in dental restorations?
What does the neutral zone refer to in dental restorations?
Which aspect is considered in the intra-arch diagnosis for orthodontic problems?
Which aspect is considered in the intra-arch diagnosis for orthodontic problems?
What is considered in the assessment of facial form for orthodontic diagnosis?
What is considered in the assessment of facial form for orthodontic diagnosis?
Which of the following is a consideration when evaluating facial beauty based on the text?
Which of the following is a consideration when evaluating facial beauty based on the text?
What is used to evaluate facial beauty according to the text?
What is used to evaluate facial beauty according to the text?
What is a characteristic of masculine traits in facial features as per the text?
What is a characteristic of masculine traits in facial features as per the text?
Which skull patterns are used to describe facial types based on the text?
Which skull patterns are used to describe facial types based on the text?
What is measured using bizygomatic, bitemporal, and bigonial widths according to the text?
What is measured using bizygomatic, bitemporal, and bigonial widths according to the text?
What can be treated with maxillary molar intrusion and transverse decompensation for mandibular single-jaw surgery as per the text?
What can be treated with maxillary molar intrusion and transverse decompensation for mandibular single-jaw surgery as per the text?
What does an obtuse labiomental fold angle indicate according to the text?
What does an obtuse labiomental fold angle indicate according to the text?
Which angle is acute in macrogenia or mandibular excess?
Which angle is acute in macrogenia or mandibular excess?
What is the approximate lip-chin-submental angle for females?
What is the approximate lip-chin-submental angle for females?
Which condition is associated with unilateral macroglossia and larger dental crowns?
Which condition is associated with unilateral macroglossia and larger dental crowns?
What is measured from submental neck point to soft tissue menton?
What is measured from submental neck point to soft tissue menton?
Which syndrome features degenerative condition affecting one side of the face and the dermatome of one or two branches of the trigeminal nerve?
Which syndrome features degenerative condition affecting one side of the face and the dermatome of one or two branches of the trigeminal nerve?
What is increased in Class III cases and decreased in Class II cases?
What is increased in Class III cases and decreased in Class II cases?
Which study found isolated Microtia as a marker for unsuspected Hemifacial Microsomia?
Which study found isolated Microtia as a marker for unsuspected Hemifacial Microsomia?
What is the prevalence of hemifacial microsomia in live births?
What is the prevalence of hemifacial microsomia in live births?
Which side of the face is more frequently affected by hemifacial microsomia?
Which side of the face is more frequently affected by hemifacial microsomia?
What is the most common type of hemifacial microsomia?
What is the most common type of hemifacial microsomia?
Which age does Condylar hyperplasia Type IIA typically occur?
Which age does Condylar hyperplasia Type IIA typically occur?
What is the etiology of hemifacial microsomia?
What is the etiology of hemifacial microsomia?
Which are examples of other conditions affecting growth and development mentioned in the text?
Which are examples of other conditions affecting growth and development mentioned in the text?
What does the diagnosis of orthodontic problems involve?
What does the diagnosis of orthodontic problems involve?
What are the diagnoses for skeletal and dental issues?
What are the diagnoses for skeletal and dental issues?
What evaluations are important for assessing facial growth and development?
What evaluations are important for assessing facial growth and development?
What do vertical evaluations consider?
What do vertical evaluations consider?
Flashcards
Hemifacial Microsomia
Hemifacial Microsomia
A spectrum of disorders affecting one side of the face, characterized by varying degrees of underdevelopment (hypoplasia) or absence (aplasia) of facial structures.
Prevalence of Hemifacial Microsomia
Prevalence of Hemifacial Microsomia
Approximately 1 in 5500 live births.
Etiology of Hemifacial Microsomia
Etiology of Hemifacial Microsomia
Possible causes including ischemia (reduced blood supply) related to issues during pregnancy (e.g., stapedian artery hematoma), as well as exposure to specific teratogens (like thalidomide).
Condylar Hyperplasia
Condylar Hyperplasia
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Condylar Hyperplasia Type IIA
Condylar Hyperplasia Type IIA
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Condylar Hyperplasia Type IIB
Condylar Hyperplasia Type IIB
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Orthodontic Diagnosis
Orthodontic Diagnosis
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Skeletal Class I
Skeletal Class I
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Skeletal Class II
Skeletal Class II
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Skeletal Class III
Skeletal Class III
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Horizontal Evaluation
Horizontal Evaluation
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Sagittal Evaluation
Sagittal Evaluation
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Vertical Evaluation
Vertical Evaluation
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Dental Class I
Dental Class I
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Dental Class II
Dental Class II
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Dental Class III
Dental Class III
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Hypoplasia
Hypoplasia
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Aplasia
Aplasia
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Teratogens
Teratogens
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Primary Cartilage
Primary Cartilage
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Secondary Cartilage
Secondary Cartilage
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Neural Crest Cells
Neural Crest Cells
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Pharyngeal arches
Pharyngeal arches
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Soft Tissue Esthetics
Soft Tissue Esthetics
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Qualitative factors
Qualitative factors
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Quantitative factors
Quantitative factors
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Study Notes
- Hemifacial microsomia is a spectrum of disorders affecting the face, with a prevalence of 1:5500 live births.
- It is characterized by varying degrees of hypoplasia or aplasia of facial structures derived from the first and second branchial arches.
- Right side is more frequently affected than left, and boys are more affected than girls.
- Etiology includes ischemia in the area of stapedian artery hematoma in utero (30-45 days IU) and teratogenic agents such as thalidomide, Accutane, and alcohol exposure.
- Hemifacial microsomia is classified into different types based on the involvement and characteristics of the condyle.
- Condylar hyperplasia is the most common type, affecting 60% of females and presenting with a rounded ondyle and increased length of the head and neck corpus. It is self-limiting and stops growing spontaneously.
- Condylar hyperplasia Type IIA is characterized by vertical unilateral facial growth, increased head, neck, ramus, corpus, and a posterior open bite. It occurs around 20 years of age and has histology of osteochondroma with endless growth.
- Condylar hyperplasia Type IIB presents with exophytic growth of the condylar head, occurring around 20 years of age with histology of osteochondroma and endless growth.
- Other conditions and syndromes affecting growth include primary and secondary cartilages, sutures, bone components and metabolism, muscles, teeth, inner organs, cranial base, cranial vault, facial derivatives of the neural crest cells, pharyngeal arches, and neural crest territories.
- Treacher Collins syndrome, Pierre Robin sequence, and achondroplasia are examples of other conditions affecting growth and development.
- The diagnosis of orthodontic problems involves evaluating both intra-arch and inter-arch issues, including soft tissue esthetics.
- Skeletal class I and II, dental class I and II, and Class III are diagnoses for skeletal and dental issues.
- Horizontal and sagittal evaluations are important for assessing facial growth and development, including angles and dental compensations.
- Vertical evaluations consider qualitative and quantitative factors, such as convergent planes and anterior and posterior facial heights and ratios.
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