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Questions and Answers
What is the correct method of stating 10,500 feet MSL to ATC?
What is the correct method of stating 10,500 feet MSL to ATC?
ONE ZERO THOUSAND, FIVE HUNDRED.
Where will a balloon drift after 2 hours 30 minutes if it is on a magnetic course of 282 degrees at 10 MPH?
Where will a balloon drift after 2 hours 30 minutes if it is on a magnetic course of 282 degrees at 10 MPH?
Over Buchanan.
What is the forecast ceiling and visibility for Southern Indiana from 0800Z through 1400Z?
What is the forecast ceiling and visibility for Southern Indiana from 0800Z through 1400Z?
3,000 feet or greater, and 5 miles or greater.
What are Advisory Circulars (ACs)?
What are Advisory Circulars (ACs)?
What type of airspace exists over Tomlinson Airport from the surface to 14,500 feet MSL?
What type of airspace exists over Tomlinson Airport from the surface to 14,500 feet MSL?
What minimum pilot certification is required for operation within Class B airspace?
What minimum pilot certification is required for operation within Class B airspace?
Is a 1280 g (2.8 lb) quadcopter operation subject to 14 CFR part 107?
Is a 1280 g (2.8 lb) quadcopter operation subject to 14 CFR part 107?
What information is contained in a CONVECTIVE SIGMET?
What information is contained in a CONVECTIVE SIGMET?
How can fatigue be recognized?
How can fatigue be recognized?
What characteristic is most likely to be found in a stable air mass?
What characteristic is most likely to be found in a stable air mass?
What is the approximate base of the cumulus clouds if the surface air temperature at 1,000 feet MSL is 70 degrees F and the dewpoint is 48 degrees F?
What is the approximate base of the cumulus clouds if the surface air temperature at 1,000 feet MSL is 70 degrees F and the dewpoint is 48 degrees F?
What are characteristics of a moist, unstable air mass?
What are characteristics of a moist, unstable air mass?
What initial action should a pilot take prior to entering Class C airspace?
What initial action should a pilot take prior to entering Class C airspace?
What is situational awareness?
What is situational awareness?
Which clouds have the greatest turbulence?
Which clouds have the greatest turbulence?
What is the normal radius of the outer area of Class C airspace?
What is the normal radius of the outer area of Class C airspace?
How can you find out if the Devil's Lake West MOA is active?
How can you find out if the Devil's Lake West MOA is active?
What hazards to aircraft may exist in warning areas such as Warning W-50B?
What hazards to aircraft may exist in warning areas such as Warning W-50B?
When flying over a national wildlife refuge, what is the requested minimum altitude?
When flying over a national wildlife refuge, what is the requested minimum altitude?
What hazards to aircraft may exist in areas like Devils Lake East MOA?
What hazards to aircraft may exist in areas like Devils Lake East MOA?
Under what condition may an aircraft operate from a satellite airport within Class C airspace?
Under what condition may an aircraft operate from a satellite airport within Class C airspace?
How are FAA advisory circulars obtained by pilots?
How are FAA advisory circulars obtained by pilots?
If a pilot hears a controller responding with his/her aircraft's call sign, the pilot is cleared into Class C airspace.
If a pilot hears a controller responding with his/her aircraft's call sign, the pilot is cleared into Class C airspace.
Where can information about parachute jumping and glider operations at Silverwood Airport be found?
Where can information about parachute jumping and glider operations at Silverwood Airport be found?
What are the lateral dimensions of Class D airspace based on?
What are the lateral dimensions of Class D airspace based on?
Can a private pilot fly through a prohibited area?
Can a private pilot fly through a prohibited area?
What equipment is required for operations within Class C airspace?
What equipment is required for operations within Class C airspace?
What minimum radio equipment is required for operation within Class C airspace?
What minimum radio equipment is required for operation within Class C airspace?
In which class of airspace does a UAS operation not need prior approval from ATC?
In which class of airspace does a UAS operation not need prior approval from ATC?
Who has the responsibility for collision avoidance in an alert area?
Who has the responsibility for collision avoidance in an alert area?
What frequency is designated for airport advisory practices at non-tower airports?
What frequency is designated for airport advisory practices at non-tower airports?
What communication is required at a non-tower satellite airport within Class D airspace?
What communication is required at a non-tower satellite airport within Class D airspace?
To ensure the unmanned aircraft center of gravity (CG) limits are not exceeded, follow the loading instructions specified in the?
To ensure the unmanned aircraft center of gravity (CG) limits are not exceeded, follow the loading instructions specified in the?
Which consideration is most relevant for a Remote PIC when evaluating unmanned aircraft performance?
Which consideration is most relevant for a Remote PIC when evaluating unmanned aircraft performance?
What feature is associated with a temperature inversion?
What feature is associated with a temperature inversion?
What measurement can be used to determine the stability of the atmosphere?
What measurement can be used to determine the stability of the atmosphere?
What is density altitude?
What is density altitude?
What does moist, stable air flowing upslope produce?
What does moist, stable air flowing upslope produce?
What are the characteristics of stable air?
What are the characteristics of stable air?
Which condition results in the formation of frost?
Which condition results in the formation of frost?
What are the characteristics of wind shear?
What are the characteristics of wind shear?
What weather phenomenon is always associated with a thunderstorm?
What weather phenomenon is always associated with a thunderstorm?
What happens when flying across a front?
What happens when flying across a front?
How do air masses form?
How do air masses form?
What type of aircraft does an AIRMET warn of hazardous weather conditions?
What type of aircraft does an AIRMET warn of hazardous weather conditions?
What technique should a pilot use to scan for traffic during straight-and-level flight?
What technique should a pilot use to scan for traffic during straight-and-level flight?
What methodology must a remote pilot consider to prevent accidents?
What methodology must a remote pilot consider to prevent accidents?
What action should a pilot take when operating under VFR in a Military Operations Area (MOA)?
What action should a pilot take when operating under VFR in a Military Operations Area (MOA)?
What is a ceiling in aviation terms?
What is a ceiling in aviation terms?
Under what conditions are RPICs allowed to transfer control during a flight?
Under what conditions are RPICs allowed to transfer control during a flight?
The numbers 9 and 27 on a runway indicate that the runway is oriented approximately?
The numbers 9 and 27 on a runway indicate that the runway is oriented approximately?
What indicates that another aircraft is on a collision course with your aircraft?
What indicates that another aircraft is on a collision course with your aircraft?
What makes it difficult to control a drone around buildings?
What makes it difficult to control a drone around buildings?
What does a current CONVECTIVE SIGMET forecast indicating thunderstorms suggest?
What does a current CONVECTIVE SIGMET forecast indicating thunderstorms suggest?
What does the letter R designate after a runway number (for example, RWY 25R)?
What does the letter R designate after a runway number (for example, RWY 25R)?
What type of AIRMET may concern weather conditions hazardous to all aircraft?
What type of AIRMET may concern weather conditions hazardous to all aircraft?
A stable air mass is most likely to have which characteristic?
A stable air mass is most likely to have which characteristic?
What weather is most likely to develop if the temperature/dewpoint spread is small and decreasing with a temperature of 62 F?
What weather is most likely to develop if the temperature/dewpoint spread is small and decreasing with a temperature of 62 F?
What type of special use airspace may contain high volume of flight training and unusual aerial activities?
What type of special use airspace may contain high volume of flight training and unusual aerial activities?
When may hazardous wind shear be expected?
When may hazardous wind shear be expected?
Which condition would be issued in an AIRMET?
Which condition would be issued in an AIRMET?
What is the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)?
What is the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)?
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Study Notes
Class C Airspace and Operations
- Class C airspace has an outer area radius of 20 nautical miles; the inner ring is 5 nautical miles, and the shelf is 10 nautical miles.
- Pilots must contact ATC promptly after takeoff from a satellite airport within Class C airspace.
- Operations in Class C airspace require a 4096-code transponder with Mode C capability, and two-way communication is mandatory.
Special Use Airspace
- Warning areas like W-50B present hazards such as aerial gunnery and guided missiles over water.
- Military Operations Areas (MOAs) indicate areas of military training; caution is advised when flying in these locations.
Wildlife and Altitude Regulations
- Pilots should fly no lower than 2,000 feet AGL over national wildlife refuges to prevent disturbing wildlife.
- The minimum altitude of flight over wildlife refuges is set at 2,000 feet AGL.
Aviation Safety and Communication
- All pilots share responsibility for collision avoidance in alert areas; awareness of surroundings is crucial.
- The Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF) is used for airports without control towers for communications.
Weather and Atmospheric Conditions
- Frost forms when the temperature at a surface is at or below the dewpoint, with a dewpoint below freezing.
- A temperature inversion is characterized by stable air layers, with currents showing poor visibility and smooth air.
- Wind shear is identified by significant directional changes and speed increases, often linked to weather fronts and temperature inversions.
Aircraft Operations and Regulations
- AIRMETs warn of conditions hazardous to small aircraft, while SIGMETs are issued for all aircraft.
- It is prohibited for private pilots to fly through designated prohibited areas.
- The Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) serves as the official guide for flight information and ATC procedures.
Flight Planning and Altitude Communication
- Altitude should be communicated clearly to ATC, e.g., "ONE ZERO THOUSAND, FIVE HUNDRED" for 10,500 feet MSL.
- The actual lapse rate is crucial for determining atmospheric stability based on temperature changes with altitude.
Navigating Obstacles and Flight Operations
- Frequency interference can hinder drone control near buildings, impacting communication with controllers.
- Systematic scanning of the sky for traffic consists of short focused intervals on different segments to enhance safety.
Practical Flight Considerations
- Understanding the significance of runway markings, like 'R' for parallel runways, is essential for navigational clarity.
- Flight must always consider current weather conditions, as they significantly affect unmanned aircraft performance and safety.### Airspace and Regulations
- Class G airspace extends from the surface to 14,500 feet MSL where no markings indicate a higher class.
- Minimum certification required for Class B airspace operation is a Private or Student Pilot Certificate with proper logbook endorsements.
- sUAS operations under 14 CFR part 107 do not apply to recreational model aircraft, provided they meet criteria outlined in 14 CFR part 101.41.
Weather and Aviation Safety
- Convective SIGMETs provide critical information regarding severe weather, including tornadoes and hail greater than 3/4 inch.
- Stable air masses often exhibit poor surface visibility, stratiform clouds, continuous precipitation, and smooth air, while unstable air is linked to turbulence and cumulus clouds.
- The base of cumulus clouds can be estimated at 6,000 feet MSL using the temperature-dew point relationship, specifically a rate of 4.4 degrees F per 1,000 feet.
- Unstable air masses are characterized by turbulence and showery precipitation, as opposed to the low visibility and smooth conditions typical of stable air.
Pilot Operations
- Pilots must establish two-way radio communication with approach control before entering Class C airspace to ensure safety and coordination.
- Situational awareness is essential for flight safety, involving accurate perception of five key risk elements: flight, pilot, aircraft, environment, and operation type.
- Cumulonimbus clouds are associated with high turbulence levels and are commonly linked to thunderstorms and lightning activity.
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