Eysenck's Personality Dimensions

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Questions and Answers

Approximately how many potential 'traits' are listed in the dictionary, according to the trait perspective?

  • 1,800
  • 1,000
  • 18,000 (correct)
  • 180,000

What method does the trait approach use to reduce personality to a few major characteristics?

  • Factor analysis (correct)
  • Variance analysis
  • Regression analysis
  • Meta analysis

According to Eysenck, personality can be reduced down to how many dimensions?

  • Five
  • Two (correct)
  • Three
  • Four

Which of the following characteristics is most associated with introverts?

<p>Quiet (B)</p>
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Which characteristic is associated with extroverts?

<p>Sociable (C)</p>
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Which of the following describes someone who is considered stable?

<p>Calm (B)</p>
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Which of the following best describes someone who is considered unstable?

<p>Worry (B)</p>
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According to the trait approach, which statistical technique is used to condense a large number of personality traits into a smaller, more manageable set?

<p>Factor analysis (A)</p>
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In Eysenck's two-dimensional model of personality, what are the two polar dimensions?

<p>Introversion and extroversion (B)</p>
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How would an individual high in the 'stability' dimension of Eysenck's model likely respond to a stressful situation?

<p>With calm and even-temperedness (A)</p>
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According to trait theory, how do 'traits' influence behavior?

<p>Traits reinforce behaviour in predictable ways (D)</p>
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If a person who scores low on Eysenck's stability dimension is faced with a challenging task, how might they typically react?

<p>Demonstrate increased moodiness (D)</p>
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Which of the following scenarios exemplifies the trait of extroversion according to the provided information?

<p>A professional who enjoys networking events and public speaking. (D)</p>
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Which of the following is a valid criticism of the trait perspective in personality psychology?

<p>It provides an oversimplified view of personality. (D)</p>
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Based on the polar dimensions proposed by Eysenck, how might you describe an individual who is both introverted and unstable?

<p>Quiet and moody (D)</p>
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Considering Eysenck's dimensions, which combination would likely lead to a more reserved and inward-focused personality?

<p>High introversion, high stability (B)</p>
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Given traits of even-temperedness and sociability, which of Eysenck's dimensions are exemplified?

<p>Extroversion and stability (C)</p>
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A psychologist aims to use factor analysis to study personality, why might they use this?

<p>To identify underlying traits (B)</p>
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How does the trait approach differ from more dynamic theories, such as psychodynamic theory?

<p>Trait approach aims to describe personality with stable qualities. (A)</p>
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If a psychologist discovered that the traits honesty, dependability, and moodiness are highly correlated, how might they apply factor analysis?

<p>Reduce the traits to a single personality dimension (B)</p>
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What is the primary difference between trait theories and psychodynamic theories of personality?

<p>Trait theories describe consistent patterns of behavior, while psychodynamic theories focus on early childhood experiences. (A)</p>
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Imagine a person consistently rated as highly sociable and even-tempered. How would Eysenck’s model categorize this person, and what implications might this have for their behavior?

<p>Extroverted and stable, leading to consistent behavior (C)</p>
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How does Eysenck’s dimensional approach to personality account for individual differences compared to categorical approaches?

<p>Dimensional approaches focus on where people fall on a continuum which allows infinite gradations. (C)</p>
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Which statement best reflects a potential issue in relying solely on trait theory to understand personality?

<p>Trait theory does not account for behavioral inconsistencies. (D)</p>
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What is the key methodological advantage of using factor analysis in personality research, particularly when examining a large number of traits?

<p>Factor analysis reduces traits to a small number of dimensions. (C)</p>
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Given the trait perspective's emphasis on stable characteristics, what challenge arises when describing human behavior in complex, real-world situations?

<p>The challenge of accounting for situational variability. (D)</p>
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What is a fundamental limitation of using a dictionary to compile a list of potential personality traits, as mentioned in the context?

<p>The list is subject to linguistic ambiguity and redundancy. (C)</p>
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To what extent has Eysenck's model been influential in the field of personality psychology, and what are some key criticisms of his approach?

<p>Eysenck's model has faced major criticism. (B)</p>
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In the context of Eysenck's personality dimensions, how might the traits of moodiness and sociability interact to manifest in a person's behavior?

<p>Moodiness may cause withdrawal from social activity. (B)</p>
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Is the use of factor analysis helpful in refining personality measurements?

<p>Factor analysis has value in improving the reliability of scales. (C)</p>
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If a psychologist wants to measure personality features, how might they use the lexical hypothesis?

<p>Analyze personality-related words (D)</p>
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How can an individual, characterized as both introverted and unstable according to Eysenck, effectively manage their tendencies to maximize well-being?

<p>By focusing on emotional regulation. (D)</p>
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A researcher aims to predict individual behavior using trait scores, but finds the predictive power is quite low. What might explain this?

<p>Situational factors have a lot of influence. (C)</p>
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How might a psychologist integrate Eysenck's dimensional approach and the lexical hypothesis to comprehensively assess an individual's personality?

<p>By examining personality language (C)</p>
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Considering the data from dictionary entries, how could machine learning be used to improve the methods of factor analysis in personality psychology?

<p>Filter irrelevant attributes. (B)</p>
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In the framework of assessing personality across cultures, how could Eysenck’s dimensions be adapted to suit cultural differences and provide valid comparisons?

<p>Employing specific cultural measures. (B)</p>
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Flashcards

Trait Approach

Using factor analysis, personality can be reduced to a few major characteristics.

Eysenck

Reduced personality to two polar dimensions.

Introverts

Quiet and keep to themselves.

Extroverts

Sociable and outgoing.

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Stability

Polar dimension in Eysenck's theory.

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Stable

Characterized by calm and even temper.

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Unstable

Characterized by moodiness and worry.

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Study Notes

  • The dictionary lists over 18,000 potential traits like honest, dependable, moody
  • Using factor analysis, personality reduces down to a few major characteristics
  • Eysenck reduced personality down to two polar dimensions

Introversion - Extroversion

  • Introverts are quiet and keep to themselves
  • Extroverts are sociable and outgoing

Stability - Instability

  • Stable people are calm and even-tempered
  • Unstable people experience moodiness and worry

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