Visual Field Defects Quiz: Eye Structure and Vision Defects

Study Flashcards Play Quiz

Questions and Answers

Which part of the body detects rotational movement of the head?

Semicircular canals

Where does awareness occur only when balance is lost or there are dramatic mismatches between visual input and vestibular inputs?

Cerebellum

Which part of the brain is responsible for catching our balance when falling?

Cerebellum

What is the difference between sensation and perception?

Sensation involves the detection of physical energy by sense organs, while perception is the brain's interpretation of raw sensory data. Signup and view all the answers

What is transduction in the context of sensory systems?

Transduction refers to the conversion of external stimuli by sense receptors into neural activity. Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for interpreting neural activity from sensory systems?

The brain is responsible for interpreting neural activity from sensory systems. Signup and view all the answers

What does perception involve?

Perception involves assembling signals from sense organs into something meaningful. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pinna in the outer ear?

Funnels sound waves onto the eardrum Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the ear contains the ossicles?

Middle ear Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cochlea in the inner ear?

Sound detection & balance Signup and view all the answers

Where does transduction of sound vibration pressure occur?

Organ of Corti Signup and view all the answers

What theory explains that different tones lead to activation in different areas of the basilar membrane and auditory cortex?

Place theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of taste buds on the tongue?

Detect sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and umami tastes Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is responsible for acuity or sharpness of vision?

Fovea Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when the eye adapts the focusing power of the lens based on the distance of objects?

Accommodation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vision occurs when images are focused behind the retina or when the eyes are too short?

Hyperopia Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain?

Optic nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which type of depth cues include relative size, texture gradient, and interposition?

Monocular depth cues Signup and view all the answers

What type of perception occurs when the brain compares visual frames to determine motion?

Visual motion perception Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the smallest amount of stimulus change that we can detect?

Just Noticeable Difference (JND) Signup and view all the answers

Which theory explains how we detect stimuli under uncertain conditions?

Signal detection theory Signup and view all the answers

What does Weber's Law state?

The stronger the stimulus, the greater change needed to detect. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for our expectations influencing what we perceive?

Perceptual sets Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for perceiving a stimulus consistently across varied conditions?

Perceptual constancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for selectively focusing on certain sensory inputs while ignoring others?

Flexible attention Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sensation & Perception: two sides of the coin, with sensory activation greatest when we first detect a stimulus and sensory adaptation where sense receptors react strongly initially and then tamp down their response to conserve energy and attentional resources.
Absolute threshold: the lowest level of a stimulus that can be detected when no other stimuli of the same type are present.
Just Noticeable Difference (JND): the smallest amount of stimulus change that we can detect.
Weber's Law: the stronger the stimulus, the greater change needed to detect.
Signal detection theory: how we detect stimuli under uncertain conditions.
Signal-to-Noise Ratio: it becomes harder to detect a signal as background noise increases.
Our brains do not rely on what's in our sensory field but also on what was there a moment ago and what we remember from our past.
Parallel Processing: we attend to multiple senses at once, with bottom-up processing constructing a whole stimulus from its parts and top-down processing analyzing the whole stimulus and then processing the smaller parts.
Perceptual sets: our expectations influence what we perceive.
Perceptual constancy: we perceive a stimulus consistently across varied conditions.
Color perception: derives from context.
Flexible attention: selective attention allows us to focus on certain sensory inputs while ignoring others.
Seeing: the visual system, with light as electromagnetic energy, visible light being in the hundreds of nanometers, and other animals having a more restricted or greater spectrum.
Structure of the Eye: different parts including the sclera (white portion), iris (colored part), pupil (hole where light enters), cornea (transparent cells that focus light), and fixed lens (changes curvature to focus light onto the retina).
The sclera has psychological significance in terms of complex information, arousal and excitement, and attractiveness.
The cornea is a transparent layer that focuses light on the back of the eye.
The fixed lens changes curvature for accommodation and focuses light onto the back of the eye.
Cocktail Party Effect: we don't typically notice what other people are saying at a party unless it's relevant to us.
Change-blindness: failure to detect obvious changes in the environment.
Light: electromagnetic energy, with visible light being in the hundreds of nanometers.
Other animals may have a more restricted or greater spectrum.
When light reaches an object, some of it gets reflected and some gets absorbed.
Brightness: intensity of the reflected light, with white reflecting and black absorbing.
Hue: the color of light.
Primary colors: red, green, and blue (additive color mixing), and yellow, cyan, magenta, and black (subtractive color mixing).
Two pigments: melanin (brown) and lipochrome (yellowish brown) control the amount of light that enters the eye.
The pupil: the hole where light enters the eye.
Pupil dilation and pupil contraction relate to the amount of light that enters the eye.
Psychological significance: complex information, arousal and excitement, and attractiveness.
Belladonna is a substance that dilates the pupil.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Eye Structure and Vision Defects