Eye Structure and Function Quiz

Transparent protective layer covering the front of the eye.

Tough, white outer layer of the eye that maintains its shape.

Transparent, curved front part of the eye that refracts (bends) incoming light.

Coloured ring of muscle located behind the cornea that controls the size of the pupil.

Black hole located in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.

Ring of muscle located inside the eye that controls the shape of the lens during accommodation.

Fibres that attach to the lens and hold it in place. They stretch and become slack during accommodation.

Transparent, biconvex structure located behind the pupil. It changes shape to focus light on the retina.

Dark layer located underneath the sclera. It contains pigment cells and blood vessels that absorb excess light.

Light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that contains rod and cone cells, responsible for converting light into electrical signals.

Center of the retina, the area where cones are densely packed, providing the sharpest vision.

Nerve that connects the eye to the brain, transmitting visual information.

Point on the retina where the optic nerve exits the eye. No photoreceptor cells are present here, leading to a blind spot.

The eye's ability to adjust the lens shape to focus light from objects at different distances onto the retina.

During accommodation, the ciliary muscle contracts, suspensory ligaments slacken, and the lens becomes more rounded to focus on nearby objects.

During accommodation, the ciliary muscle relaxes, suspensory ligaments tighten, and the lens becomes flatter to focus on distant objects.

The natural adjustment in the eye's pupil size in response to varying light levels to control how much light enters the eye.

In bright light, the circular muscles of the iris contract, the radial muscles relax, the pupil constricts, and less light enters the eye.

In dim light, the circular muscles of the iris relax, the radial muscles contract, the pupil dilates, and more light enters the eye.

A condition where the eye cannot properly focus on distant objects.

A condition where the eye cannot properly focus on nearby objects.

A condition where the eye cannot properly focus at any distance, causing blurry vision.

The process of converting light energy into electrochemical signals that the brain can interpret as vision.

Specialized cells in the retina that are responsible for detecting light.

Rod-shaped photoreceptor cells that are sensitive to low light levels and responsible for night vision.

Cone-shaped photoreceptor cells that are responsible for color vision and are most sensitive to bright light conditions.

The central part of the macula where cone cells are densely packed, resulting in the sharpest vision.

A condition that damages the macula, causing central vision loss.

A vision disorder that causes a gradual loss of peripheral vision.

The watery fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens.

The jelly-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina.