Eye Movements and Visual Processing
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the synchronized movements of the two eyeballs?

  • To provide a single image of the visual field
  • To enable the brain to compute the distance of an object based on disparity between the two images (correct)
  • To focus on a specific point in the visual field
  • To allow for independent movement of each eye

    • Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for innervating the lateral rectus muscle?

  • Cranial nerve III (oculomotor nerve)
  • Cranial nerve VI (abducens nerve) (correct)
  • Cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve)
  • Cranial nerve IV (trochlear nerve)

    • What is the approximate voltage potential between the front of the cornea and the back of the retina?

  • 1.0-2.0 mV
  • 0.1-0.4 mV
  • 0.4-1.0 mV (correct)
  • 2.0-4.0 mV

    • Where are the motor centers for the eye muscles located?

    <p>Frontal lobe of the cortex and brainstem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the technique used to measure the movements of the eyeballs in the orbits?

    <p>Electrooculography (EOG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the electrodes placed to measure vertical movements of the eyeballs?

    <p>Above and below the right eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest in the foveal area of the retina?

    <p>Density of cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of measuring pupil size changes in psychophysiological research?

    <p>To map attracting parts of presented visual stimuli and viewing time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is visual tracking also known as?

    <p>Fixation of an object of interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the quick, involuntary movements of the eyeball called?

    <p>Microsaccades</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the change in pupil diameter in response to a stimulus?

    <p>Task-evoked pupillary response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for controlling the parasympathetic activation of the pupils?

    <p>Cranial nerve III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many extrinsic eye muscles control the movement of the eyeball?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system in relation to the pupils?

    <p>To dilate the pupils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of moving the head and/or the eyes?

    <p>To fixate on an object of interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area of the retina where the highest visual acuity can be achieved?

    <p>Foveal area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is EOG primarily used for in psychophysiological research?

    <p>To map the attracting parts of presented visual stimuli and viewing time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the measurement of the changes in pupil size?

    <p>Pupillography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pupillary response characteristic of when an individual is attracted to a stimulus?

    <p>Dilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pupillary response characteristic of in cognitive research when an individual is experiencing mental effort?

    <p>Dilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of pupillary response in sleep research?

    <p>Identifying rapid eye movements (RAM) phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the magnitude of the startle response indicate?

    <p>High arousal and negative affective states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of the class mentioned in the text?

    <p>To demonstrate basic EOG-related phenomena generated by simple eye movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of pupillary response in affective research when an individual is experiencing anger?

    <p>Constriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of moving the eyeball horizontally closer to the positive electrode?

    <p>It induces a positive change in voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical accuracy of the EOG method for determining direction of gaze?

    <p>1.5-2º</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measurable range of the EOG method?

    <p>Up to ±70º both vertically and horizontally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency domain of interest if only the direction of gaze is to be determined?

    <p>0-15 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential source of artefacts and noise in the EOG signal?

    <p>Movement of facial muscles and/or the jaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a commonly used method for determining direction of gaze in recent experiments?

    <p>Camera-based system</p> Signup and view all the answers

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