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Questions and Answers
What is a common complication of trichiasis?
What is a treatment option for posterior blepharitis?
Which type of ptosis is characterized by defective development of the levator muscle?
In which condition does the eyelid margin remain normal but the eyelashes are misdirected towards the eye?
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What surgical option is typically used for patients with poor levator function due to ptosis?
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What is the primary cause of a stye?
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Which type of blepharitis is characterized by greasy scales on the lashes without ulceration?
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What complication can arise from ulcerative blepharitis?
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What is the recommended treatment for a chalazion?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of staphylococcal or ulcerative blepharitis?
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Study Notes
Inflammations of the eyelid
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Stye: A localized acute suppurative inflammation of the eyelash follicle or the associated zeiss gland.
- Treatment: Topical antibiotic ointment + Oral antibiotics. Pus should be evacuated by epilation of the affected lash or incision of the overlying skin, never by squeezing.
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Chalazion: A chronic inflammatory granuloma of one of the meibomian glands caused by retention of its secretion.
- Treatment: Warm compresses with gentle massage, incision and curettage through the conjunctival side.
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Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelid margin.
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Anterior blepharitis:
- Seborrheic blepharitis: Greasy soft scales, no ulceration.
- Treatment: Lid hygiene (warm compresses and lid scrubs with diluted baby shampoo).
- Staphylococcal/ulcerative blepharitis: Hard dry scales, ulceration of the lid margin.
- Treatment: Lid hygiene, topical (fusidic acid), systemic antibiotics (tetracyclines), managing complications like madarosis, trichiasis, recurrent stye, conjunctivitis & marginal keratitis.
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Posterior blepharitis:
- MGD: oil globules + frothy foamy secretion, diffuse inflammation around gland with telangiectasia, inspissated secretions with plugged meibomian gland orifices.
- Treatment: Eyelid hygiene, oral tetracyclines or doxycycline, tear substitutes, topical steroids.
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Anterior blepharitis:
Ptosis
- Drooping of the upper eyelid below its normal position, covering more than 2 mm of the superior limbus.
- Types: Congenital, aponeurotic, paralytic, sympathetic, myogenic, mechanical, traumatic.
- Aponeurotic ptosis: Good levator function.
- Congenital ptosis: Poor levator function.
- Treatment: Surgical
- Levator resection (good levator function).
- Frontalis sling (poor levator function).
Anomalies in eyelid margin
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Trichiasis: Eyelid margin is in its normal position, but eyelashes are misdirected towards the eye, causing irritation.
- Complication: Corneal abrasions, ulceration, scarring resulting in vision loss, and chronic conjunctivitis.
- Treatment: Epilation (temporary), cryotherapy, electrolysis, surgery (mm graft in gray line).
- Entropion: Inward turning of the eyelid margin, most commonly affecting the lower lid.
- Ectropion: Outward turning of the eyelid margin.
- Lagophthalmos: Inability to close the eyelids completely, causing dryness of the cornea.
- Xanthelasma: Yellowish plaques on the eyelids, a sign of hyperlipidemia.
- Lid tumors: Benign or malignant growths of the eyelids.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various types of eye inflammations such as stye, chalazion, and blepharitis. Understand their causes, symptoms, and treatment options. This quiz will cover crucial information related to eyelid conditions and their management.
