Eye Inflammation Quiz

Inflammations of the eyelid

• Stye: A localized acute suppurative inflammation of the eyelash follicle or the associated zeiss gland.
  • Treatment: Topical antibiotic ointment + Oral antibiotics. Pus should be evacuated by epilation of the affected lash or incision of the overlying skin, never by squeezing.
• Chalazion: A chronic inflammatory granuloma of one of the meibomian glands caused by retention of its secretion.
  • Treatment: Warm compresses with gentle massage, incision and curettage through the conjunctival side.
• Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelid margin.
  • Anterior blepharitis:
    • Seborrheic blepharitis: Greasy soft scales, no ulceration.
    • Treatment: Lid hygiene (warm compresses and lid scrubs with diluted baby shampoo).
    • Staphylococcal/ulcerative blepharitis: Hard dry scales, ulceration of the lid margin.
    • Treatment: Lid hygiene, topical (fusidic acid), systemic antibiotics (tetracyclines), managing complications like madarosis, trichiasis, recurrent stye, conjunctivitis & marginal keratitis.
  • Posterior blepharitis:
    • MGD: oil globules + frothy foamy secretion, diffuse inflammation around gland with telangiectasia, inspissated secretions with plugged meibomian gland orifices.
    • Treatment: Eyelid hygiene, oral tetracyclines or doxycycline, tear substitutes, topical steroids.

Ptosis

• Drooping of the upper eyelid below its normal position, covering more than 2 mm of the superior limbus.
• Types: Congenital, aponeurotic, paralytic, sympathetic, myogenic, mechanical, traumatic.
  • Aponeurotic ptosis: Good levator function.
  • Congenital ptosis: Poor levator function.
• Treatment: Surgical
  • Levator resection (good levator function).
  • Frontalis sling (poor levator function).

Anomalies in eyelid margin

• Trichiasis: Eyelid margin is in its normal position, but eyelashes are misdirected towards the eye, causing irritation.
  • Complication: Corneal abrasions, ulceration, scarring resulting in vision loss, and chronic conjunctivitis.
  • Treatment: Epilation (temporary), cryotherapy, electrolysis, surgery (mm graft in gray line).
• Entropion: Inward turning of the eyelid margin, most commonly affecting the lower lid.
• Ectropion: Outward turning of the eyelid margin.
• Lagophthalmos: Inability to close the eyelids completely, causing dryness of the cornea.
• Xanthelasma: Yellowish plaques on the eyelids, a sign of hyperlipidemia.
• Lid tumors: Benign or malignant growths of the eyelids.

Test your knowledge on various types of eye inflammations such as stye, chalazion, and blepharitis. Understand their causes, symptoms, and treatment options. This quiz will cover crucial information related to eyelid conditions and their management.