Eye and Ear Disorders Chapter 26 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is hyperopia?

A condition in which a patient is unable to visualize things that are close.

In a patient with glaucoma prescribed brimonidine tartrate (Alphagan), which comorbidity would prompt the nurse to hold the dose?

Heart disease (correct)

Osteoarthritis

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Diabetes mellitus

What age-related change might affect a 75-year-old patient's sensory system?

Difficulty with red-orange color discrimination

Inability to hear low-frequency sounds

Increased difficulty focusing on close or distant objects (correct)

Decreased sensitivity to glare

A patient is scheduled for a stapedectomy for which condition?

Otosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Which actions performed by a patient after eye surgery for glaucoma would prompt the nurse to intervene? (Select all that apply)

Bending over to pick up a sock Signup and view all the answers

For a patient with a severe corneal ulcer, how should gentamicin and neomycin eyedrops be administered?

Allow 5 minutes between administrations of the two medications. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse teach a patient about the administration of ophthalmic ointment? (Select all that apply)

Avoid touching any part of the eye or lid with the tip of the tube. Signup and view all the answers

What diagnosis might the nurse anticipate for a patient with blurry vision and milky pupils?

Cataracts Signup and view all the answers

What causes recurrent ear infections in children?

Allergies and upper respiratory infections can cause obstruction of the eustachian tube. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse do first when finding a patient with a glass shard in their eye?

Introduce himself and ask the patient her name. Signup and view all the answers

What nursing care should focus on for a patient with labyrinthitis? (Select all that apply)

Prevention of dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What does the nurse expect to assess using an Amsler grid?

To assess for macular degeneration Signup and view all the answers

Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching after ear surgery?

I should only drink from a straw until my provider discharges me from the hospital. Signup and view all the answers

In a patient who has had eye surgery, what should the nurse do first if they complain of diminished hearing on the operative side?

Remind the patient that a temporary decrease in hearing is normal initially. Signup and view all the answers

How long after eye removal is an artificial eye typically placed?

About 6 weeks. Signup and view all the answers

What findings would a nurse expect in a patient with labyrinthitis? (Select all that apply)

Loss of hearing Signup and view all the answers

What is a common response for a patient with Meniere disease after a caloric test?

Severe nausea and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What effects does pilocarpine have on the eye for treating glaucoma?

Miosis Signup and view all the answers

In the LASIK procedure, the laser reshapes which structure of the eye?

Cornea Signup and view all the answers

What visual changes should be assessed for in older patients?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

How should a nurse care for a patient with an artificial eye?

Care should include regular cleaning and handling with care to avoid damage. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the LASIK procedure for correcting myopia?

Superficial layers of the cornea are lifted while a laser reshapes the deeper layers of tissue. Signup and view all the answers

Which finding after right eye surgery should be reported immediately as it may indicate hemorrhage?

A sudden pain in the affected eye Signup and view all the answers

When a patient experiences dizziness and vertigo, which action should be included in their care?

Instructing the patient to lie down and remain as still as possible Signup and view all the answers

What important safety measure should the nurse include for a patient with glaucoma?

Do not drive at night after instilling miotic eye drops. Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom(s) would the nurse anticipate for a 3-year-old with a middle-ear infection?

Balance issues Signup and view all the answers

What should patient teaching include for someone discharged after right cataract excision?

Reporting increasing eye pain to the physician immediately Signup and view all the answers

What condition has the patient scheduled for a tympanoplasty likely suffered from?

Otitis media Signup and view all the answers

Which patient statement after cataract surgery warrants immediate notification of the healthcare provider?

The pain in my eye is much worse, even after you gave me the pain medication. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse first ask a patient with hearing loss, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting?

Have you recently suffered from a respiratory virus? Signup and view all the answers

After an ear procedure including a graft on the tympanic membrane, the patient should be positioned where?

On the unaffected side Signup and view all the answers

What disorder is indicated by a cloudy appearance in the pupil of the right eye?

Cataract Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are involved in the diagnosis of uveitis?

Optic nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is associated with difficulty seeing street signs while driving?

Myopia Signup and view all the answers

What drug order for a patient with chronic asthma and open-angle glaucoma would be questioned?

Timolol Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse tell a patient concerned about hearing loss from coarse, long hair in the ear canal?

The ear must be irrigated frequently. Signup and view all the answers

After an ear procedure that includes a graft on the tympanic membrane, which position should the patient be assisted to?

On the unaffected side Signup and view all the answers

What therapy is anticipated for a patient exhibiting signs of primary open-angle glaucoma?

Administration of miotics Signup and view all the answers

What food item should a patient with Meniere disease restrict?

Canned soups Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of care is most likely for a resident diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma?

Drug therapy consisting of beta-blocking agents Signup and view all the answers

How does myopia affect a patient's sensory perception?

The patient is unable to see objects at a distance. Signup and view all the answers

What does the nurse teach an older adult patient diagnosed with presbyopia?

Place reading material farther away from your eyes. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse do first after a patient complains of sudden-onset severe pain in the eye post eye surgery?

Call the provider. Signup and view all the answers

What organism is expected to grow from a culture of drainage in a patient with ear pain and unilateral hearing loss?

Staphylococcus aureus Signup and view all the answers

Which instruction is most important to prevent cataracts?

Wear polarized sunglasses when outside. Signup and view all the answers

What assessment findings should the nurse expect from a patient undergoing a visual acuity test for hyperopia?

The patient is unable to read a newspaper. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

LASIK Surgery

LASIK surgery corrects myopia by reshaping the cornea, using laser technology.
Central cornea remains intact as superficial layers are lifted for reshaping.

Postoperative Complications

Sudden pain in the affected eye post-surgery may indicate hemorrhage and requires immediate notification to the provider.
Other symptoms, like mild confusion or tearing in the unaffected eye, are not as critical.

Management of Dizziness and Vertigo

Patients experiencing dizziness should lie down and remain still for safety.
Salt restriction is relevant for Meniere disease but not acute attacks.

Glaucoma Patient Instructions

Patients using miotic eye drops must avoid driving at night due to potential vision disturbances.
Symptoms should not lead to self-stopping of medication; report any reappearance to providers.

Symptoms of Middle-Ear Infection in Young Children

Indicators include fussiness, ear tugging, balance issues, decreased responsiveness, and a bulging tympanic membrane.

Cataract Surgery Discharge Teaching

Patients should report any increasing eye pain immediately.
Patients normally wear eye shields at night, not just during the day.

Conditions Leading to Tympanoplasty

Tympanoplasty is primarily for patients suffering from otitis media, involving reconstruction of the tympanic membrane.

Emergency Post-Cataract Surgery

Persistent eye pain post-surgery despite medication can signify complications, necessitating immediate provider notification.

Assessing Hearing Loss and Dizziness

Labyrinthitis, possibly caused by a recent respiratory virus, is likely in patients presenting dizziness and hearing loss.

UAP Supervision in Tympanoplasty Care

After tympanoplasty, patients must remain flat on the affected ear to ensure recovery.

Recognizing Cataracts

Cloudy vision is a common symptom of cataracts, indicating potential need for surgery.

Understanding Uveitis

Uveitis involves the choroid, ciliary body, and optic nerve, but not the retina or vitreous humor.

Visual Impairments

Myopia leads to difficulty seeing distant objects, while presbyopia affects near-vision clarity in aging individuals.

Glaucoma Pharmacotherapy

Nonselective beta-blockers like timolol should be questioned in asthmatic patients; selective agents are preferred.

Dietary Management in Meniere Disease

Avoiding canned soups is crucial due to high sodium levels; a low-sodium diet helps manage symptoms.

Initial Plan of Care for Open-Angle Glaucoma

Initial treatment often involves beta-blocking agents to manage intraocular pressure.

Visual Acuity Assessments

Patients with hyperopia struggle to see objects up close, necessitating corrective lenses for reading.

Contraindications for Brimonidine

Brimonidine should not be administered to patients with heart disease due to potential adverse effects.

Sensory Changes in Aging

Increased difficulty in focusing on objects, both close and distant, arises from natural age-related changes in eye accommodation.### Age-Related Changes in Vision and Hearing
Older adults experience reading difficulties and may struggle with close work due to vision changes.
Increased sensitivity to glare and trouble adapting from light to dark conditions (night blindness) can lead to hesitancy in night driving.
Hearing loss of high-frequency sounds, termed presbycusis, is common, while the ability to hear lower pitches usually remains intact.
Normal aging affects color discrimination; older adults often confuse blue and green due to decreased perception of shorter wavelengths of light.
For safety, employing colors with longer wavelengths (like red/orange) can help older adults navigate more effectively.

Stapedectomy Procedure

Indicated specifically for otosclerosis, a condition marked by abnormal bone growth in the ear, impairing hearing.
Stapedectomy is not applicable for conditions like mastoiditis, labyrinthitis, or Meniere syndrome.

Postoperative Care Following Eye Surgery

Patients must avoid bending over or straining, as these movements increase intraocular pressure, which can complicate recovery.
Recommended to sleep with the head elevated at least 30 degrees, and always practice hand hygiene before administering eye drops.

Administration of Eye Medications

Gentamicin and neomycin eyedrops should be administered with a 5-minute interval to optimize absorption—no cycloplegic drug is necessary.
Patients should expect blurred vision post-application of ophthalmic ointment due to residue affecting sight and must ensure no contact between the medication tube and eye.

Diagnosing Eye Conditions

Symptoms like blurry vision, night driving difficulties, and light sensitivity, combined with opaque pupils, suggest cataracts.
Amsler grid testing helps assess for macular degeneration, focusing on distortions in central vision.

Ear Infection in Young Children

Recurrent ear infections in children can stem from allergies and upper respiratory infections blocking the eustachian tube—proper ear hygiene is not the primary concern.

Management of Eye Trauma

When finding a glass shard in an eye, prioritize patient assessment over removing the object, ensuring airway safety first.
Patching both eyes may help limit movement post-injury.

Labyrinthitis Care

Nursing interventions focus on preventing falls due to dizziness and managing dehydration due to nausea, rather than restoring hearing or protecting the tympanic membrane.

Ear Irrigation Education

Self-ear irrigation involves using tepid water, employing a drape for cleanliness, and softening cerumen prior to irrigation—not cool water.

Patient Education Post Ear Surgery

Patients should avoid using straws for 1 to 3 weeks post-surgery, while dry shampoo is acceptable, and they should manage their own light activities carefully.

Understanding Hearing Loss in Young Adults

In cases of suspected otosclerosis in younger adults, diagnostic tests include the Rinne test, Weber test, and audiogram; MRI or ABR tests may not be warranted.

Detecting Cataracts

Cataract patients present with a cloudy and opaque lens; other symptoms like excessive tearing or protruding eyeballs are not typical.

Glaucoma Management

Pilocarpine lowers intraocular pressure in glaucoma by inducing miosis (constriction of pupils).

LASIK Procedure Focus

LASIK involves reshaping the cornea using a laser to correct vision rather than affecting other eye structures like the lens, pupil, or retina.

Caring for an Artificial Eye

Care instructions include safe storage, gentle cleansing, proper insertion techniques, and ensuring that the prosthetic’s orientation is correct.

Teaching Strategies for Presbyopia

Older adults with presbyopia should use ample lighting and may need to adjust reading materials to a comfortable distance rather than increasing humidity or using saline drops.

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Description

Test your knowledge on care for patients with eye and ear disorders through these flashcards based on Chapter 26. This quiz covers key procedures like LASIK surgery and important concepts regarding myopia treatment. Perfect for nursing students and healthcare professionals.