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Extrusive Igneous Rocks Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What type of rock is extrusive?

Sedimentary

Metamorphic

Igneous (correct)

None of the above

How does extrusive igneous rock form?

By extreme pressure and heat

By rapid cooling on the Earth's surface (correct)

By slow cooling beneath the Earth's surface

By erosion and deposition

Which process forms extrusive igneous rocks?

Deposition of sediments

Solidification of magma on the Earth's surface (correct)

Weathering and erosion

Metamorphism

What characteristic best describes extrusive igneous rocks?

Fine-grained texture Signup and view all the answers

What is the texture of extrusive igneous rocks?

Fine-grained Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following volcanic rocks is an example of an extrusive igneous rock?

Basalt Signup and view all the answers

What is the intrusive equivalent of an extrusive igneous rock formed from the same magma?

Granite Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cooling environments is most likely to produce an extrusive igneous rock?

At or near the Earth's surface Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Extrusive Igneous Rocks

Extrusive igneous rocks form when magma exits the Earth's interior through volcanic eruptions and cools rapidly on the surface.
The process of solidification occurs quickly, preventing the formation of large crystals characteristic of intrusive rocks.
Key characteristics of extrusive igneous rocks include a fine-grained texture due to rapid cooling, resulting in small or no visible crystals.
Common examples of extrusive igneous rocks include basalt and pumice, which form from lava flows and explosive volcanic activity, respectively.
The intrusive equivalent of an extrusive igneous rock is known as a plutonic rock; for example, basalt's intrusive counterpart is gabbro.
Volcanic eruptions and lava flows create environments where extrusive igneous rocks are most likely to form, typically near or at the Earth's surface.