External Genitalia Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the mons pubis?

To provide support for pelvic structures

To house the clitoris

To serve as an opening for the urethra

To protect the pubic symphysis (correct)

Which statement accurately describes the labia majora?

They are located within the labia minora.

They enclose and protect other external reproductive organs. (correct)

They are more sensitive than the labia minora.

They do not vary in pigmentation.

What characteristic of the labia minora differentiates them from the labia majora?

They are less sensitive.

They become flaccid with age.

They darken and swell during sexual arousal. (correct)

They have more connective tissue.

Where is the clitoris located in relation to the labia minora?

Just behind the upper junction of the labia minora Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly explains the role of the urethral meatus?

It is an opening for urine drainage. Signup and view all the answers

What is located below the urinary meatus in the vestibule?

The vaginal introitus Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding the hymen?

It can be perforated through various activities. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the perineum?

It connects the vaginal and anal openings. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Bartholin's glands?

Provide lubrication for intercourse Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the uterus undergoes significant changes during the menstrual cycle?

Endometrium Signup and view all the answers

What structure is the inferior outlet of the uterus that projects into the vagina?

Cervix Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape and position of the uterus?

Hollow and pear-shaped, anteverted anteflexed Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main arterial supplies to the uterus?

Uterine arteries from internal iliac and ovarian arteries from abdominal aorta Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the uterus is defined as the major portion?

Body or corpus Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the endometrial lining slough off?

Menstruation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the myometrium?

Support uterine contractions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the vagina?

Passageway for childbirth and menstrual flow Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the fallopian tube is considered the site of fertilization?

Ampulla Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?

Production of eggs and hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for secondary sex characteristics in females?

Estrogen Signup and view all the answers

Where are the ovaries located?

Along the lateral walls of the pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What is a Graafian follicle?

A mature egg ready to be ejected Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of progesterone?

Prepares the body for pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

How do the fallopian tubes interact with the ovaries?

There is no contact between them Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

External Genitalia

Mons Pubis: Fatty tissue covering the pubic bone, protects the pubic symphysis. During adolescence, sex hormones trigger pubic hair growth on the mons pubis.
Labia Majora: Two folds of skin containing fatty tissue, hair and sebaceous glands. They enclose and protect other external reproductive organs. They extend from the mons pubis to the perineum.
Labia Minora: Two thin folds of tissue located within the folds of the labia majora. They extend from the clitoris downward toward the perineum and protect the opening of the vagina and urethra. They are sensitive to touch and tighten during intercourse.
Vestibule: Includes the clitoris, urethral meatus, and the vaginal introitus.
Clitoris: A short, elongated organ composed of erectile tissue located just behind the upper junction of the labia minora. It is homologous to the penis.
Urethral Meatus: The opening of the urethra, a tubular structure that drains urine from the bladder.
Vaginal Introitus: Located below the urinary meatus in the lower portion of the vestibule. It may be covered by a thin sheath called the hymen. The presence or absence of an intact hymen does not determine virginity.
Perineum: Area between the vaginal orifice and anus. Consists of muscular and fibrous tissue, supporting pelvic structures. It aids in constricting the urinary, vaginal, and anal opening and is sensitive to touch.
Bartholin's Glands: Located on either side of the vaginal opening, they produce a mucoid substance as lubrication for intercourse.

Internal Genitalia

Uterus: A hollow, pear-shaped organ located between the urinary bladder and the rectum. Positioned anteverted and anteflexed.
- Functions of the Uterus:
  - Protects the embryo/fetus.
  - Provides nutritional support during pregnancy.
  - Removes waste (menstruation).
  - Ejects the fetus at birth.
- Divisions of the Uterus:
  - Body or corpus: Major portion of the uterus.
  - Fundus: The superior, rounded region above the entrance of the fallopian tubes.
  - Cervix: Narrow, inferior outlet that protrudes into the vagina.
  - Isthmus: Slightly constricted portion joining the corpus to the cervix.
- Walls of the Uterus:
  - Endometrium: Inner layer or mucosa. A fertilized egg burrows into the endometrium for development. The endometrial lining sloughs off every 28 days due to hormone changes (menses).
  - Myometrium: Smooth muscle layer arranged longitudinally, circularly, and spirally. Undergoes changes during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.
  - Perimetrium: Strong, serous membrane coating the uterine corpus except for the lower quarter and anterior surface where the bladder is attached.
- Blood supply: Uterine arteries from the internal iliac and ovarian arteries from the abdominal aorta.
- Cervix: Attaches to the vagina at a 90-degree angle.
Vagina: A thin-walled muscular tube about 6 inches long, leading from the uterus to the external genitalia. It is located between the bladder and the rectum. Functions include passageway for childbirth and menstrual flow, receiving the penis and semen during intercourse.
Fallopian Tubes: Two muscular tubes about 4 inches long, extending from each ovary to the uterus.
- Parts:
  - Infundibulum: Distal end of the tube with finger-like projections called fimbriae.
  - Ampulla: Site of fertilization.
  - Isthmus.
  - Intramural portion.
- Function: Transport ovum from the ovaries to the uterus (no direct contact with the ovaries).
Ovaries: Almond-shaped organs producing eggs (oogenesis) and hormones (estrogen and progesterone). Located against the lateral walls of the pelvis, enclosed by the broad ligament.
- Ovarian Follicles: Compact tissues containing an immature egg surrounded by follicle cells.
- Graafian Follicle: A matured follicle ready to release the egg.
- Hormone Production:
  - Estrogen: Produced by follicle cells. Responsible for secondary sex characteristics like breast development and onset of menses.
  - Progesterone: Produced by the corpus luteum. Works with estrogen to regulate the menstrual cycle and is important during pregnancy and breast milk production.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the anatomy of external genitalia, including the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, and clitoris. This quiz covers the key functions and structures of these vital reproductive organs. Perfect for students studying human anatomy or reproductive health.