12 Questions
What is exposure according to the text?
Being in a hazardous situation without protection
Who are considered part of the most vulnerable sectors?
Farmers and urban poor
What characterizes less vulnerable sectors?
High material resources and social position
Which sector is NOT mentioned as part of the less vulnerable sectors?
Indigenous people
What does vulnerability refer to?
Diminished capacity to cope with hazards
Which group is at the lowest level of society according to the text?
PWD’s
What type of vulnerabilities are mentioned in the text?
Physical, social, economic, and attitudinal
Why are the poor considered vulnerable to disasters in the Philippines according to the text?
Because they have less access to better housing and livelihood opportunities
Which geographical location factor makes the Philippines vulnerable to meteorological disturbances like typhoons?
Location within the Pacific Ocean
What aspect of vulnerability is related to attitude towards change and sense of ability to affect the environment?
Attitudinal/Motivational vulnerability
How does the text describe the location of the Philippines in relation to active faults, trenches, and volcanoes?
In an area with many active faults, trenches, and volcanoes
Which vulnerability is related to family structure and special categories of vulnerable groups?
Social vulnerability
Study Notes
Exposure and Vulnerability
- Exposure refers to a situation or condition that makes someone likely to be harmed, especially due to lack of protection from something dangerous.
- Vulnerability is the diminished capacity of an individual or group to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from the impact of a natural or man-made hazard.
Vulnerable Sectors
- Most Vulnerable Sectors: composed of farmers, urban poor, laborers, indigenous people, PWD’s, women, and children, who have low capacities to withstand and overcome disaster effects.
- Less Vulnerable Sectors: composed of professionals, small entrepreneurs, and those with higher social positions, who have higher capacities to overcome disaster effects.
- Not Vulnerable Sectors: composed of high-position individuals in society, often targeted by vulnerable and less vulnerable sectors in advocacy work related to disaster issues.
Categories of Vulnerabilities
- Physical/Material Vulnerability: location, housing, infrastructure, services, population, mortality, disease, nutritional status, literacy, and poverty levels.
- Social Vulnerability: family structure, special categories of vulnerable groups, educational attainment, and population density.
- Economic Vulnerability: source of livelihood, community resources, household income, savings, market access, and access to goods and services.
- Attitudinal/Motivational Vulnerability: attitude towards change, sense of ability, initiative, faith, determination, and orientation towards the past, present, and future.
Vulnerability of the Philippines to Disasters
- The Philippines' location in the Pacific makes it vulnerable to meteorological disturbances, such as typhoons.
- The country's location in the western ring of the Pacific Ocean, where many active faults, trenches, and volcanoes are present, makes it prone to earthquakes.
- The poor are particularly vulnerable to disasters due to limited access to better housing, public facilities, and livelihood opportunities.
Test your knowledge on exposure and vulnerability, including the definitions, concepts, and most vulnerable sectors in natural or man-made hazards.
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