12 Questions
What does exposure refer to?
A situation or condition that makes someone likely to be harmed
Who are considered part of the most vulnerable sectors?
Farmers, urban poor, and indigenous people
What distinguishes less vulnerable sectors from the vulnerable sectors?
Their higher capacity to overcome adverse effects of disasters
Which sector in society is described as not vulnerable?
High-positioned members in the community
What defines vulnerability according to the text?
Diminished capacity to anticipate and recover from hazards
Who are often targets of advocacy work in the context of disaster issues?
High-positioned members in the community
What contributes to the physical/material vulnerability of a location, according to the text?
Type of housing material infrastructure and services
Which factor is NOT listed as a component of human capital vulnerability in the text?
Population density
What is a key aspect of economic vulnerability according to the text?
Household income and savings
Which group is considered a special category of vulnerable people under social vulnerability?
Elderly population
Which statement accurately describes the attitudinal/motivational vulnerability?
Positive attitude towards change and environment
Why are the poor particularly vulnerable to disasters based on the text?
They lack access to better housing and livelihood opportunities
Study Notes
Vulnerability to Disasters
- Physical/Material vulnerability: refers to the susceptibility of infrastructure and services such as roads, health facilities, schools, electricity, and transportation to disasters.
Human Capital Vulnerability
- Population: affects the vulnerability of a community to disasters
- Mortality: high mortality rates can indicate vulnerability to disasters
- Disease: prevalence of diseases can increase vulnerability to disasters
- Nutritional status: poor nutrition can weaken a community's ability to cope with disasters
- Literacy: low literacy rates can limit a community's awareness and preparedness for disasters
- Poverty levels: high poverty levels can increase vulnerability to disasters
Social Vulnerability
- Family structure: fragile family structures can increase vulnerability to disasters
- Special categories of vulnerable groups: include people with disabilities, women, and children
Economic Vulnerability
- Source of livelihood: limited economic opportunities can increase vulnerability to disasters
- Community resources: lack of resources can limit a community's ability to respond to disasters
- Household income and savings: low income and savings can increase vulnerability to disasters
- Market and access to goods and services: limited access can increase vulnerability to disasters
Attitudinal/Motivational Vulnerability
- Attitude towards change: a negative attitude towards change can limit a community's ability to adapt to disasters
- Sense of ability to affect their world: low self-efficacy can increase vulnerability to disasters
- Environment: limited awareness of environmental risks can increase vulnerability to disasters
- Initiative: lack of initiative can limit a community's ability to respond to disasters
- Faith: strong faith can increase resilience to disasters
- Determination: high determination can increase a community's ability to cope with disasters
Vulnerability of the Philippines to Disasters
- Location: the Philippines is located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, making it prone to meteorological disturbances such as typhoons and earthquakes
- Distribution of active faults and trenches: the Philippines is surrounded by active faults and trenches, increasing the risk of earthquakes
- Distribution of volcanoes: the Philippines has many active volcanoes, increasing the risk of volcanic eruptions
Exposure and Vulnerability
- Exposure: a situation or condition that makes someone likely to be harmed, especially because they have not been protected from something dangerous
- Vulnerability: the diminished capacity of an individual or group to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from the impact of a natural or man-made hazard
Vulnerable Sectors
- Most vulnerable sectors: include farmers, urban poor, laborers, indigenous people, people with disabilities, women, and children
- Less vulnerable sectors: include professionals, small entrepreneurs, and others who have higher capacities to overcome the adverse effects of disasters
- Not vulnerable sectors: include those who hold high positions in the community and have high capacities to respond to disasters
Test your knowledge on exposure and vulnerability, including definitions and examples. Explore how these concepts are related to risk and resilience in the face of natural or man-made hazards.
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