30 Questions
What is the main objective of expository research?
To provide information for proposing theories and predicting future events
In expository research, the researcher seeks to __________.
Develop factual evidence to support theories
What distinguishes expository research from other qualitative research strategies?
It involves presenting a factual description without opinions
Which of the following best describes the role of theory generation in expository research?
It provides explanatory frameworks for events and phenomena
What is one of the key benefits of expository research for investigators?
Ability to propose theories for future prediction
How does data collection in expository research contribute to the research process?
By ensuring all conclusions are based on facts
What is a key difference between qualitative and quantitative research methodologies?
Qualitative research focuses on subjective realities while quantitative research focuses on an objective reality.
What is a characteristic of how researchers operate in qualitative research, according to the text?
Researchers interact with the groups they are studying and record their interpretations along with observations.
Which aspect of research is influenced by axiology in qualitative research?
Methodology
What is a common characteristic of researchers in qualitative research in terms of language and style of writing?
Using personalized, informal, and context-laden language
How do researchers in qualitative research differ from those in quantitative research in terms of their perceptions of reality?
Qualitative researchers believe in a single, objective world, while quantitative researchers interact with multiple subjectively derived realities.
What type of relationships do researchers in qualitative research tend to follow in their data analysis, as mentioned in the text?
Context-laden effect relationships
What was the purpose of adapting the Labov narrative evaluation model by Cortazzi?
To illustrate the correlation between informal narrative styles and social characteristics
What distinguishes top-down methods from bottom-up methods in narrative analysis?
Top-down methods focus on segmenting the narrative text into parts, while bottom-up methods focus on overall structure.
What function of narrative and discourse analysis did Merrell (1982) emphasize in the early three-function model?
Signaling or stimulative function
What is the approach followed most often in ethnographic research for narrative analysis?
Bottom-up method
Which method of narrative analysis is used extensively in educational settings according to the text?
Top-down methods focusing on culturally established grammar rules
In narrative analysis, what do bottom-up methods primarily use elements within the text for?
Building the overall structure of analysis
What is the primary purpose of expository research?
To explain a phenomenon as it exists
Which role do expository strategies play in qualitative research?
They provide fundamental information about a topic
What is a key characteristic of interpretive research according to the text?
It follows the second qualitative approach in the triad
In qualitative research, what is one purpose of expository studies?
To gather insights and ideas about a study problem
What is a key difference between quantitative and qualitative research in terms of generalizability?
Quantitative research focuses more on isolating subjects from the research process.
What distinguishes expository studies from exploratory research in qualitative research?
The purpose of gathering information
Why might interpretive research theorists disagree with explanatory research?
For defining human events based on causal explanations
What is the focus of interest for qualitative researchers during a study?
Interaction between subjects and researchers
In qualitative research, which of the following aspects is considered as important as the original phenomenon of interest?
Research process
Which broad classes can qualitative research strategies be grouped into?
Expository-interpretive-critical
Which of the following qualitative research strategies involves understanding the meaning behind phenomena?
Interpretive research
What is a common characteristic of quantitative research designs that qualitative research strategies roughly correspond to?
Exploratory-descriptive-causal categories
Study Notes
Qualitative Research Strategies
- Expository research is defined as studies that develop a detailed explanation of some social phenomenon, circumstance, or consequence.
- The researcher identifies a specific social phenomenon, investigates its causes, and seeks to explain it through a detailed description of the social, economic, and political context.
- The ultimate goal of expository research is to give the researcher enough information to propose a theory or theories that can explain an event, outcome, or phenomenon.
Characteristics of Qualitative Research
- Researchers assume that multiple, subjectively derived realities can coexist.
- Researchers overtly act in a value-laden and biased fashion.
- Researchers often use personalized, informal, and context-laden language.
- Researchers tend to apply induction, multivariate, and multi-process interactions, following context-laden effect relationships, with context-free methods.
Differences between Qualitative and Quantitative Research
- A key difference lies in the epistemology of the two approaches.
- Qualitative research designs involve interacting with individuals in the groups being studied.
- Researchers record not only what they see but also their interpretations of the meaning inherent in the interactions.
Narrative Analysis
- Cortazzi (1993) adapted the Labov narrative evaluation or analysis model to illustrate how informal styles of narrative correlate with a number of extant social characteristics.
- Top-down approaches analyze the narrative text according to a set of culturally established rules of grammar and exposition.
- Bottom-up methods use elements in the text to build a structure for analysis.
Functions of Narrative and Discourse Analysis
- Merrell (1982) provided an early three-function framework of narrative and discourse analysis that is still relevant today.
- The three functions are: expressive, serving to convey emotions or thoughts; stimulative, serving to stimulate a response; and declarative, serving to convey information.
Interpretive Research
- Not all research theorists agree that human events or actions can be defined by causal explanations and conclusions.
- Interpretive research is used to understand human action by studying the meaning and interpretation of events.
Critical Research
- Critical research is a type of qualitative research that involves critiquing and challenging dominant ideologies, power structures, and social norms.
- Critical research is not discussed in detail in this text, but it is a key strategy in qualitative research.
Comparison with Quantitative Research
- Qualitative research is often used as a means of gathering fundamental information about a topic, its contributing factors, and the influences it might have on various outcomes.
- Qualitative research is less generalizable than quantitative research, as it focuses on understanding the meaning and context of a phenomenon rather than applying results to other situations.
Learn about the first step in the research process, expository research, and how it helps researchers stay focused on their goals while collecting and organizing data efficiently. Explore the controlled aspect and popularity of expository studies in various fields.
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