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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of expository writing?
What does the 'P' in FLAP stand for?
What is the primary goal of previewing during pre-reading strategies?
What is the difference between mood and tone?
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What is inference in the context of reading strategies?
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What is the primary function of the plot in a story?
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What is the difference between implicit and explicit information?
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What is the purpose of asking questions during reading?
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What is the tone of a story?
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What is the purpose of characterization in a story?
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What is an example of person vs nature conflict?
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What is the purpose of a simile?
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What is the literary device when human emotions or characteristics are attributed to nature or inanimate objects?
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What is an example of an oxymoron?
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What is the purpose of the point of view in a story?
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What is a metaphor?
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Study Notes
Writing Purposes
- To inform: Expository Writing
- To persuade: Persuasive Writing
- To connect: Descriptive Writing
- To entertain: Narrative Writing
Knowing Your Purpose
- Helps you get your ideas across
- Helps you understand your audience
- Helps you understand the correct form to use/to develop/to deliver your “text”
FLAP
- Form: How is the text formatted?
- Language: What kind of language is being used? Is it simple or complex? Informal or formal?
- Audience: Who is the message for? Someone younger, older, peers?
- Purpose: Why is the message being sent?
Reading Strategies
Pre-Reading Strategies
- Previewing: Take a brief look
- Predicting: Use information to make predictions
- Prior Knowledge: Recall knowledge, brainstorm or word webs, personal experiences
- Purpose: FLAP analysis, identify the reason why you are reading the text
During Reading Strategies
- Visualizing: Create pictures or moving images in your mind, and engage all your senses
- Asking Questions: About FLAP, ask questions of yourself and the strategies you might use as you continue to read
- Making connections: Using your prior knowledge to make links between text and your own ideas or experiences
After Reading Strategies
- Think and Reflect
- Respond
Inferences
- An educated guess based on combining evidence, prior knowledge, and reasoning to form conclusions
- Can be implicit or explicit
Inference Types
- Implicit: Something that is suggested or hinted to, but not communicated directly
- Explicit: Communicated directly
Elements of Fiction
Plot
- What happens in the story and how everything unfolds
Setting
- The “physical” background of the story
- Atmosphere
- Mood vs. Tone
- Mood: The climate or feeling of a literary work based on the physical surroundings of the characters
- Tone: The writer’s attitude toward the topic, character, and audience of a story
Characters
- Protagonist: Central character/hero of the story
- Antagonist: Force working against the protagonist
- Static/Flat Characters: Stay the same throughout the story
- Dynamic/Round Characters: Are affected by the events of the story
- Stereotyped/Stock Characters: A special kind of flat character that is so well known that little has to be said about their personality
Characterization
- An author can show what type of person a character is in 4 ways
- What a character says
- What a character does
- What a character thinks
- What other characters say about them
Types of Conflicts
- Person vs Person
- Person vs Society
- Person vs Nature
- Person vs Technology
- Person vs Fate
Point of View
- First Person: uses “I”
- Second Person: uses “You”
- Third person: “uses pronouns or names”
Literary Devices
Theme
- The “why” of a text as in “why does this matter”
- Not a single word but a statement of the author’s opinion about it
- “Message” or “controlling idea” in a text
Simile
- Used to describe something by comparing it to something else using the words “like” or “as”
Personification
- When you give inanimate objects human qualities/emotions/properties
Hyperbole
- An exaggerated statement or claim not meant to be taken literally
Oxymoron
- A phrase that combines two words with opposite meanings to create a unique expression
Point of View
- The perspective from which a story is told
Metaphor
- A figure of speech that describes something by stating it as something else
- Ex. "Sharon has a heart of gold"
Pathetic Fallacy
- Where human emotions or characteristics are attributed to nature or inanimate objects
- Ex. When dark clouds gather in the sky during a scene in a story where the protagonist is facing a difficult challenge, reflecting the character's feelings of gloom and impending trouble.
Onomatopoeia
- A word that imitates the sound it represents
Allusion
- A reference to another work of literature, person, or event
Archetype
- A character type that occurs frequently in literature
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Description
This quiz covers the purposes of different writing styles, including expository, persuasive, and narrative writing. It also touches on understanding the target audience and using the correct form and language.
