Exploring the Kinetic Particle Theory

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According to the kinetic particle theory, gases are composed of particles that are in constant random motion. This motion is due to the

Pressure of the gas
Mass of the gas particles
Temperature of the gas (correct)
Volume of the gas

The effects of temperature and pressure on the volume of a gas can be explained by the fact that

An increase in temperature leads to an increase in volume, while an increase in pressure leads to a decrease in volume (correct)
Temperature and pressure have no effect on the volume of a gas
An increase in temperature leads to a decrease in volume, while an increase in pressure leads to an increase in volume
Temperature increases the volume of a gas, while pressure decreases it

The average kinetic energy of gas particles increases with

Decrease in pressure
Decrease in temperature
Increase in temperature (correct)
Increase in pressure

When the volume of a gas is held constant, an increase in temperature causes the gas particles to

Move faster (D) Signup and view all the answers

Pressure is defined as the

Force exerted by the gas particles on the walls of the container (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes diffusion in terms of the kinetic particle theory?

The process by which particles of a substance move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of concentration gradient in diffusion?

It exists when there is a difference in concentration between two regions and drives the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the particles in an area of higher concentration during diffusion?

They are more closely packed together and move randomly (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of diffusion according to the kinetic particle theory?

The random motion of particles and their collisions with one another (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is concentration in the context of diffusion?

The number of particles per unit volume of a substance (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes diffusion?

The random movement of particles in a liquid or gas (D) Signup and view all the answers

What drives diffusion?

A gradient in Gibbs free energy or chemical potential (C) Signup and view all the answers

In which fields, beyond physics, are diffusion and its mathematical models used?

Statistics and probability theory (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the net movement of diffusion generally from?

A region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of diffusion occurring 'uphill'?

Spinodal decomposition (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes chemistry?

The study of matter and its properties (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is absolute zero?

The temperature at which all atoms are at rest (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of absolute zero according to the internationally agreed-upon value?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'absorbance' refer to in chemistry?

The physical or chemical process by which a substance emits or absorbs energy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of this chemistry glossary?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Kinetic Particle Theory

Theory stating gases consist of constantly moving particles.

Temperature Effect on Volume

Increasing temperature leads to increased gas volume; increasing pressure leads to decreased gas volume.