20 Questions
Which type of geophysics focuses on studying the Earth by using methods of physics to deduce its physical properties?
Pure/general geophysics
What is the main method used in petroleum exploration?
Reflection and refraction seismology
Which field of applied geophysics involves studying ground properties and providing development plans for soil mechanics?
Engineering geophysics
What is the purpose of environmental geophysics?
To study disposal waste sites
Which method is commonly used in mineral exploration?
Electrical surveying
What is the focus of exploration geophysics?
Investigating specific, relatively small-scale and shallow features within the Earth's crust
Which method in Applied Geophysics measures the variations in the strength of the gravitational field?
Gravity
What physical properties are measured in the Seismic method?
Travel times of seismic
Which method in Applied Geophysics is used for exploration of nonmetallic minerals?
Gravity
What is the parameter measured in the Electric method?
Physical properties
Which method in Applied Geophysics is used for exploration of petroleum and coal?
Electric
What is the application of Seismic Survey?
Exploration for metallic minerals
Which methods are suitable for an engineering site study?
Electric, Seismic, Electromagnetic, Magnet
What does the Electromagnetic method measure?
Electrical conductivity & inductance
Which method of geophysical survey is based on the principles of seismology and estimates the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves?
Reflection Seismic Method
Which method of geophysical survey can detect lithology and gas directly and provides images similar to geologic cross-sections?
Reflection Seismic Method
Which method of geophysical survey utilizes refracted waves to map subsurface structure and was used extensively for oil prospecting before being replaced by the reflection method?
Refraction Seismic Method
Which method of geophysical survey measures the gravitational field to associate variations with differences in the distribution of densities and rock types?
Gravity Method
Which method of geophysical survey measures the local geomagnetic field produced by variations in the intensity of magnetization in rock formations?
Magnetic Method
Which electrical method of geophysical survey provides information on formations or rock bodies that have electrical conductivity?
Induce Polarization (IP)
Study Notes
Introduction to Applied Geophysics
- Applied geophysics involves studying the Earth's physical properties using methods of physics.
Exploration Geophysics
- Focuses on exploring subsurface structures and resources such as oil, gas, minerals, and groundwater.
- Uses various methods, including seismic, electrical, electromagnetic, and gravitational methods.
Petroleum Exploration
- Main method used: Seismic method, which measures physical properties such as velocity, density, and elasticity of the Earth's subsurface.
Soil Mechanics
- Field of applied geophysics: Engineering geophysics, which studies ground properties and provides development plans for soil mechanics.
Environmental Geophysics
- Purpose: To assess and mitigate environmental hazards such as contaminant plumes, landfill sites, and buried infrastructure.
Mineral Exploration
- Commonly used method: Electromagnetic method, which measures the electrical conductivity of formations or rock bodies.
Physical Properties Measurement
- Seismic method: Measures velocity, density, and elasticity of the Earth's subsurface.
- Electric method: Measures the electrical conductivity of formations or rock bodies.
Gravity Method
- Measures variations in the strength of the gravitational field, associating variations with differences in the distribution of densities and rock types.
Electromagnetic Method
- Measures the electrical conductivity of formations or rock bodies.
Seismic Survey
- Application: Exploration and monitoring of subsurface structures and resources.
Engineering Site Study
- Suitable methods: Seismic, electrical, and electromagnetic methods.
Geophysical Survey Methods
- Seismic method: Based on the principles of seismology, estimates the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves.
- Electrical method: Provides information on formations or rock bodies that have electrical conductivity.
- Electromagnetic method: Measures the electrical conductivity of formations or rock bodies.
- Gravitational method: Measures the gravitational field to associate variations with differences in the distribution of densities and rock types.
- Magnetic method: Measures the local geomagnetic field produced by variations in the intensity of magnetization in rock formations.
- Refraction method: Utilizes refracted waves to map subsurface structure, and was used extensively for oil prospecting before being replaced by the reflection method.
Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of applied geophysics in this quiz. Explore the various methods and techniques used to investigate the Earth's physical properties and internal constitution.
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