Exploring the Foundations of Professional Education

A teaching approach that emphasizes modifying behavior through the use of standards and procedures. It believes that students learn by observing and imitating others, and by receiving positive reinforcement for desired behaviors.

The idea that individuals are shaped by their surroundings. In this context, it suggests that students' behaviors and learning are primarily influenced by their environment and external factors.

The belief that psychology should concentrate on observable and measurable behaviors rather than internal mental processes. He argued that mental processes are subjective and difficult to study scientifically.

A key concept in behaviorism, it involves using rewards and punishments to shape and strengthen specific behaviors in students. Positive reinforcement encourages desired actions, while punishment discourages unwanted ones.

A teaching approach focused on the learner as the center of the learning process. It emphasizes active participation, discovery, and constructing knowledge through individual experiences and interactions.

A prominent behaviorist who developed the theory of operant conditioning. This theory explains how behaviors are modified through consequences. He applied his principles to education, therapy, and even social engineering.

A core belief of constructivism, it emphasizes that individuals make meaning through their interactions with their environment and experiences. Learning is seen as a process of constructing understanding based on individual interpretations.

A key idea in behaviorism, it suggests that while teachers cannot control all aspects of learning, they can influence certain variables that directly impact student behaviors. These variables might include classroom structure, rewards, or specific instruction methods.

This approach emphasizes using rewards and punishments to shape and reinforce desired behaviors in students. It emphasizes the teacher's role in setting clear expectations, providing feedback, and using consequences to encourage positive actions.

A teaching approach guided by standards and procedures, with a primary focus on changing behavior through specific strategies. It utilizes structured environments, explicit instructions, and clear consequences to promote desired student actions.