Exploring the Early Years of NLP

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Which natural language processing system had a basic memory to supply context?

SHRDLU (correct)

Neither ELIZA nor SHRDLU

Both ELIZA and SHRDLU

ELIZA

Which natural language processing system was able to answer questions about what was possible and what was not based on basic physics?

SHRDLU (correct)

ELIZA

Both ELIZA and SHRDLU

Neither ELIZA nor SHRDLU

Which natural language processing system allowed users to introduce new names for objects or arrangements of them?

Both ELIZA and SHRDLU

SHRDLU (correct)

Neither ELIZA nor SHRDLU

ELIZA

Which natural language processing system simulated a non-directional therapist and encouraged users to talk?

ELIZA Signup and view all the answers

Which natural language processing system was written by Joseph Weizenbaum?

ELIZA Signup and view all the answers

Which organization poured money into labs at MIT, Stanford, and CMU during the Golden Early Years of AI (1956-1969)?

US Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) Signup and view all the answers

Which program, created by Simon and Newell in 1959, was intended to be a universal problem solver and could in principle solve any formalized symbolic problem?

General Problem Solver (GPS) Signup and view all the answers

According to the physical symbol system hypothesis formulated by Newell and Simon in 1976, what is necessary for general intelligent action?

A physical symbol system Signup and view all the answers

Which program, developed by Gelernter in 1959, proved challenging theorems in geometry?

Geometry Theorem Prover Signup and view all the answers

Which program, developed by D. Bobrow in 1967, was designed to read and solve word problems such as those found in high school algebra books?

STUDENT Signup and view all the answers

Which chatbot was implemented by psychiatrist Kenneth Colby in 1972 to simulate a person with paranoid schizophrenia?

Parry Signup and view all the answers

In tests, psychiatrists were unable to distinguish Parry from real paranoid schizophrenics at any better than what level?

50% Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the programme of research directed by Minsky at MIT that involved artificially simple situations?

Microworlds Signup and view all the answers

Which project developed at Stanford from 1966-72 was the first general-purpose mobile robot to be able to reason about its own actions?

SHAKE Signup and view all the answers

Which algorithm, developed as part of the SHAKEY project, is used for efficient search in route finding and graph traversal?

A* search algorithm Signup and view all the answers

According to Steven Pinker, what is the main lesson of thirty-five years of AI research?

The hard problems are easy and the easy problems are hard. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following abilities do we take for granted that actually solve some of the hardest engineering problems?

Answering a question Signup and view all the answers

Who is in danger of being replaced by machines as the new generation of intelligent devices appears?

Stock analysts and petrochemical engineers Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the early work on artificial neurons and learning for artificial neurons?

McCulloch and Pitts Signup and view all the answers

Who introduced the perceptron in 1957, which was predicted to eventually learn, make decisions, and translate languages?

Frank Rosenblatt Signup and view all the answers

During the Golden Early Years of AI (1956-1969), there was great optimism about the capabilities of computers. Which of the following statements reflects this optimism?

H. A. Simon predicted that within twenty years, machines will be capable of doing any work a man can do. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the Golden Early Years of AI (1956-1969)?

A period of enthusiastic exploration and discovery of new possibilities for computers. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following periods in the history of AI is known as the 'First AI Winter'?

Rise of Knowledge-based and Expert Systems (1969-1989) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus area during the New Paradigms period of AI?

Scientific Method, Big Data, and Deep Learning Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, which of the following is a mandatory reading for COM1005 2023-24?

Russell and Norvig (2021), Chapter 1 'Introduction' Signup and view all the answers

During the first 'AI Winter', AI research faced several challenges. Which of the following was NOT one of the issues faced during this time?

Attacks from outside AI Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main reasons for the difficulty faced by AI researchers during the first 'AI Winter'?

Lack of computational resources Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of combinatorial explosion?

The exponential increase in the number of possible states to be examined in a search problem Signup and view all the answers

Why did early AI researchers struggle with building programs for visual object recognition or natural language understanding?

Lack of commonsense knowledge Signup and view all the answers

According to Moravec's Paradox, which of the following statements is true?

Simulating high-level reasoning is easier than simulating low-level sensorimotor skills Signup and view all the answers

Exploring the Early Years of NLP

Podcast Beta

Questions and Answers

Which natural language processing system had a basic memory to supply context?

Which natural language processing system was able to answer questions about what was possible and what was not based on basic physics?

Which natural language processing system allowed users to introduce new names for objects or arrangements of them?

Which natural language processing system simulated a non-directional therapist and encouraged users to talk?

Which natural language processing system was written by Joseph Weizenbaum?

Which organization poured money into labs at MIT, Stanford, and CMU during the Golden Early Years of AI (1956-1969)?

Which program, created by Simon and Newell in 1959, was intended to be a universal problem solver and could in principle solve any formalized symbolic problem?

According to the physical symbol system hypothesis formulated by Newell and Simon in 1976, what is necessary for general intelligent action?

Which program, developed by Gelernter in 1959, proved challenging theorems in geometry?

Which program, developed by D. Bobrow in 1967, was designed to read and solve word problems such as those found in high school algebra books?

Which chatbot was implemented by psychiatrist Kenneth Colby in 1972 to simulate a person with paranoid schizophrenia?

In tests, psychiatrists were unable to distinguish Parry from real paranoid schizophrenics at any better than what level?

What was the name of the programme of research directed by Minsky at MIT that involved artificially simple situations?

Which project developed at Stanford from 1966-72 was the first general-purpose mobile robot to be able to reason about its own actions?

Which algorithm, developed as part of the SHAKEY project, is used for efficient search in route finding and graph traversal?

According to Steven Pinker, what is the main lesson of thirty-five years of AI research?

Which of the following abilities do we take for granted that actually solve some of the hardest engineering problems?

Who is in danger of being replaced by machines as the new generation of intelligent devices appears?

Which term refers to the early work on artificial neurons and learning for artificial neurons?

Who introduced the perceptron in 1957, which was predicted to eventually learn, make decisions, and translate languages?

During the Golden Early Years of AI (1956-1969), there was great optimism about the capabilities of computers. Which of the following statements reflects this optimism?

Which of the following accurately describes the Golden Early Years of AI (1956-1969)?

Which of the following periods in the history of AI is known as the 'First AI Winter'?

Which of the following is NOT a focus area during the New Paradigms period of AI?

According to the text, which of the following is a mandatory reading for COM1005 2023-24?

During the first 'AI Winter', AI research faced several challenges. Which of the following was NOT one of the issues faced during this time?

What was one of the main reasons for the difficulty faced by AI researchers during the first 'AI Winter'?

Which of the following best describes the concept of combinatorial explosion?

Why did early AI researchers struggle with building programs for visual object recognition or natural language understanding?

According to Moravec's Paradox, which of the following statements is true?

More Quizzes Like This

Exploring the Early Apostolic Sees

Exploring the Early Apostolic Sees

Exploring the Early Apostolic Sees

Exploring the Early Life and Education of Roy F

Upgrade to continue