50 Questions
Which one of these is the most correct?
Genes are the fundamental units of heredity and made of nucleotides
DNA is a protein
False
List the types of RNA that exist in our bodies.
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
DNA is a single strand while RNA is a double strand.
False
What is the process that results in the synthesis of mRNA?
Transcription
Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in DNA?
Thymine
What are the components of a nucleotide?
Nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group
What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide?
Nucleoside has a phosphate group, while nucleotide does not
How many polynucleotides does a molecule of DNA have?
Two
Why is the arrangement of DNA called antiparallel?
The two polynucleotides run in opposite directions
What is the process by which DNA is duplicated before the cell divides?
Replication
What is the sugar in RNA?
Ribose
Which nucleotide base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
Uracil
What type of bond forms between adjacent nucleotides in a polynucleotide?
Covalent bond
What is the synthesis of proteins on the ribosomes using mRNA and directed by DNA known as?
Translation
What type of nitrogenous base has a single six-membered ring?
Pyrimidines
Gene is part of a Chromosome.
True
DNA is a protein
False
DNA is a single strand while RNA is a double strand.
False
RNA is a type of nucleic acid.
True
Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis.
True
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is directed by DNA.
True
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is involved in protein synthesis.
True
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a type of RNA found in our bodies.
True
Chromosomes are made of nucleotides.
True
DNA is the genetic material in all cells and some viruses.
True
Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary information.
True
Nucleotides are the fundamental units of heredity.
False
DNA replication is the process in which DNA is copied. As a result, the two daughter molecules are both identical to the parent molecule.
True
The DNA molecule has two polynucleotides spiraling around an imaginary axis, forming a double helix.
True
The nitrogenous bases in DNA pair up and form hydrogen bonds: adenine (A) always with thymine (T), and guanine (G) always with cytosine (C).
True
The portion of a nucleotide without the phosphate group is called a nucleoside.
True
A DNA molecule includes many genes.
True
Replication is the process by which the DNA molecule is duplicated before the cell divides.
False
Transcription is the process that results in the synthesis of mRNA.
True
Translation is the synthesis of proteins on the ribosomes using the mRNA and directed by DNA.
True
There are two families of nitrogenous bases: pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil) and purines (adenine and guanine).
True
In DNA, the sugar is deoxyribose; in RNA, the sugar is ribose.
True
Nucleotide polymers are linked together to build a polynucleotide.
True
A DNA molecule has a single polynucleotide.
False
Match the following nucleic acids with their structure:
DNA = Double Strand RNA = Single Strand
Match the following nucleic acids with their roles:
DNA = Directs synthesis of mRNA and controls protein synthesis RNA = Involved in protein synthesis
Match the following nucleotide components with their descriptions:
Gene = Unit of inheritance made of nucleotides Chromosome = Segment of DNA carrying genes
Match the following statements with their correctness:
A gene is part of a chromosome. = True DNA is a protein. = False
Match the following nucleotide bases with their pairings:
Adenine = Pairs with thymine in DNA Guanine = Pairs with cytosine in DNA
Match the following RNA types with their roles:
Messenger RNA (mRNA) = Directs synthesis of proteins Transfer RNA (tRNA) = Involved in protein synthesis
Match the following processes with their descriptions:
Replication of DNA = Process by which the DNA molecule is duplicated before the cell divides. Transcription = Process that results in the synthesis of mRNA (messenger RNA). Translation = Synthesis of proteins on the ribosomes using the mRNA and directed by DNA. Condensation Reaction = Reaction that makes a polynucleotide.
Match the following components with their descriptions:
Nucleotide = Nucleoside + phosphate group. Nucleoside = Nitrogenous base + sugar. Polynucleotide = Nucleotide polymers linked together to build a polynucleotide. Antiparallel = Arrangement where two backbones run in opposite 5' -> 3' directions.
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Pyrimidines = Nitrogenous bases with a single six-membered ring. Purines = Nitrogenous bases with a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring. Nucleotide Polymers = Linked together to build a polynucleotide. Base pair = Joined by hydrogen bonding, adenine always with thymine, and guanine always with cytosine.
Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
DNA Double Helix = Two polynucleotides spiraling around an imaginary axis, forming a double helix. DNA Replication = Process in which DNA is copied, resulting in two identical daughter molecules. Polynucleotides = Molecule of DNA has two polynucleotides. Formation of Polynucleotide = Links create a backbone of sugar-phosphate units with nitrogenous bases as appendages.
Test your knowledge of nucleic acids with this quiz based on Chapter 5 of the Biology Eighth Edition textbook by Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. Explore the structure and function of these large biological molecules and their role in storing and transmitting hereditary information.
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