Exploring Early Earth's Ecosystems

Which domain of microorganisms is the main group to thrive in extreme environments?

What is the highest recorded temperature at which the Methanopyrus kandleri strain 116 can grow?

Which group of microorganisms is best adapted to various extreme conditions?

Which type of microorganism includes the most acidophilic organisms currently known?

Which category of extremophiles requires one or more extreme conditions in order to grow?

Which category of extremophiles tolerate extreme values of one or more physiochemical parameters through growing optimally at 'normal' conditions?

Which type of microorganism is optimally adapted to acidic pH values?

Which phylum contains primarily phototrophic bacteria that can utilize sulfur compounds, iron, or hydrogen as electron donors?

Which phylum is known for containing pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and E.coli?

Which phylum includes filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs that exhibit gliding motility and flexing?

Which phylum is capable of both photoheterotrophic growth in the light and chemoheterotrophic growth in the dark?

Which phylum is the 6th known phylum to carry out photosynthesis, with recent discovery of Chloracidoacterium thermophilum?

Which phylum contains primarily phototrophic bacteria that have a complex of proteins in which energy from the sun is converted in a series of electron transfer reactions?

Which phylum contains primarily phototrophic bacteria that have Type 2 reaction centers and use quinones as terminal electron acceptors?

Which group of organisms is known for their ability to live in extreme temperatures and utilize hydrogen as a substrate?

What is the main benefit of the symbiotic relationship between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and plants?

Which group of organisms is known for their extreme polyploidy and coordinated release of DNA from dying cells?

Which group of organisms is known for their ability to live in highly acidic environments and participate in biogeochemical cycling of sulfur and sulfide metals?

Which group of organisms is known for their production of large amounts of methane under anaerobic conditions?

Which group of organisms is known for their ability to live in hypersaline environments and have pigments similar to those found in humans?

Which group of organisms is known for their ability to oxidize methane and prevent its release to the atmosphere?

Which group of organisms contains flagellated, unicellular organisms that have two nuclei and mitosomes?

Which group of organisms contains organisms that produce ATP through fermentation reactions resulting in the production of H2 and acetate?

Which group of organisms contains flagellated protists including free-living, symbiotic, and parasitic species, with Trypanosoma sp. being a causative agent of trypanosomiasis?

Which group of organisms contains organisms that have sacs in the cytoplasmic membrane called alveoli, and include dinoflagellates that cause red tide and are highly beneficial as zooxanthellae symbionts of corals?

Which group of organisms contains organisms that have tubular cristae in their mitochondria and heterokont flagella at some point in their life cycle?

Which group of organisms contains organisms with an external silica structure (frustule) resistant to decay and an important part of the geologic record as fossils?

Which group of organisms contains organisms that are morphologically diverse amoebae, including slime molds and loose amoeba?

Which group of fungi contains members that display a single, posterior flagellum at some point in their life cycle?

Which group of fungi includes club fungi named after their basidium that produces basidiospores and includes important plant pathogens called smuts and rusts?

What is the approximate age of Earth based on analysis of radioactive isotopes?

Why was Earth devoid of life in its early years?

When did Earth become anoxic?

What is the requirement for life on Earth?

Where did water on Earth originate from?

What is the oldest known mineral formed in the Hadean eon?

What do ancient zircon crystals provide evidence for?

Where are Earth's oldest surviving sedimentary rocks found?

According to the subsurface hypothesis, where did life originate?

What is the likely site for the origin of life on Earth?

Which of the following is NOT a potential role of mineral pores in the origin of life?

According to the RNA World Hypothesis, what were the critical capacities of the earliest RNA molecules?

What is the role of the lipid bilayer in early life forms?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA)?

What is the significance of horizontal gene transfer in early forms of life?

Which hypothesis suggests that the formation of cells came first in the origin of life?

What is the main process involved in oxygenic photosynthesis?

What event resulted in the production of an aerobic atmosphere on Earth?

Which group of microorganisms is best adapted to extreme conditions?

What is the main role of fossils in understanding the evolution of microorganisms?

Which group of organisms is responsible for the formation of stromatolites?

What are hopanoids and steranes derivatives of?

Which hypothesis suggests that the organelles of eukaryotic cells arose from prokaryotic cells through endosymbiosis?

According to the serial endosymbiosis hypothesis, which organelle in eukaryotic cells originated from a bacterial ancestor?

What is the main process involved in oxygenic photosynthesis?

According to the RNA World Hypothesis, what were the critical capacities of the earliest RNA molecules?

Which group of microorganisms is best adapted to extreme conditions?

Which phylum contains primarily phototrophic bacteria with Type 2 reaction centers?

What is the approximate age range when stromatolites were diverse and common on Earth?

What is the main benefit of the symbiotic relationship between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and plants?