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အောက်တွင်ဖြစ်နေသော အကွက်များ၊ တခု ည ၁ ရပ် အတွင်း တွေ ၏ အသုံး၏ဥာ ၏ အ ရ ?
Capsules တ B
Tablets ၅ C
Solutions & Suspensions ၃ D
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Capsules E
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Liquid Dosage Forms F
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ဆေးဖြစ်နေစဉ် ထပ်စွဲ အလုပ်စု အပိုင် ဘာကြောင် ၀စ် များ ၌ အနည်းႏႈ၏ ႏႈႏႈႏႈ။
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Topical Applications ၏ အႏ၏ ဆေ၊ 4 ႏႈ ႏႈ ႏႈ ၌ ၌ ၌ ႏႈ.
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Controlled Release Systems မျ ၌ ၌ ၌ ႏ
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ADME process ၌ ႏ - - - - -.
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Solutions မ - - - - - - - - - - -.
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Suspensions { { } } .
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Study Notes
Understanding Basic Pharmacy: Exploring Dosage Forms
When it comes to keeping our bodies healthy or treating illnesses, medications play a vital role. However, pills alone don't cure diseases; they need to reach us in forms we can easily consume and absorb effectively. This is where dosage forms come into focus—the different ways medications are formulated so you, the patient, receive therapeutic benefits efficiently and conveniently.
In this guide, I will introduce some of the common dosage forms used in basic pharmacy to help you better understand how your prescriptions work.
Solid Oral Dosage Forms
Tablets
These small, round or oval objects often contain one medication but may also combine several active ingredients within them. Some tablets break apart easily when swallowed due to their coating, while others dissolve gradually over time to maintain consistent drug release rates.
Capsules
Capsules are similar to tablets but have shells made from either gelatin (for nonenteric caps) or other materials like HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, for enteric caps). They open up inside the intestine, releasing their contents directly into the digestive tract. Unlike tablets, capsules typically allow the medication to remain intact until reaching its target site, which may improve bioavailability.
Liquid Dosage Forms
Solutions & Suspensions
Liquids enable drugs to be administered using various routes such as oral, intravenous, or topical applications. Solutions consist of a homogeneous mixture of medicine dissolved in water or another solvent, whereas suspensions comprise solid particles suspended in liquid. Both present advantages and disadvantages according to factors like stability, convenience, and ease of administration.
Syrups
Syrups generally refer to concentrated solutions containing sugars or sugar substitutes designed for palatability. Due to their thicker consistency and sweet taste, syrups mask unpleasant flavors that might make taking certain medications challenging.
Topical Applications
Topicals deliver medications through skin penetration rather than ingestion, offering advantages like minimal side effects compared with systemically acting medicines. Examples include gels, creams, patches, and sprays specifically developed for topical application. These methods facilitate localized delivery without affecting the entire body.
Controlled Release Systems
Oftentimes, patients require constant, steady levels of medication in order to manage chronic conditions more effectively. In these cases, controlled-release systems offer prolonged action by allowing gradual diffusion of the active ingredient into the bloodstream. Common examples include extended-release capsules and sustained-release tablets.
Regardless of the chosen dosage form, all medications undergo processes known as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), ultimately determining their efficacy and safety profile for individual users. By understanding these basics of pharmaceutical dosage forms, patients, and healthcare providers collaborate more confidently to develop effective treatment plans tailored to specific needs.
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Description
Learn about the common dosage forms used in pharmacy, such as tablets, capsules, liquid solutions, suspensions, syrups, topicals, and controlled-release systems. Understand how different forms of medications are formulated to enhance absorption, distribution, and efficacy for patients.
