Explorers of North America
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Questions and Answers

Which Italian explorer sailed to North America in search of a sea route to the Pacific?

  • Samuel de Champlain
  • Jacques Cartier
  • Louis Joliet
  • Giovanni da Verrazzano (correct)

    • What is the name of the harbor that Giovanni da Verrazzano discovered?

  • New York harbor (correct)
  • St. Lawrence harbor
  • Montreal harbor
  • Quebec harbor

    • What is the name of the river that Jacques Cartier followed inward?

  • Great Lakes River
  • Pacific River
  • St. Lawrence River (correct)
  • Mississippi River

    • What is the name of the city that Samuel de Champlain founded in 1608?

    <p>Quebec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who explored the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi River?

    <p>Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the island that Jacques Cartier named Mont Real?

    <p>Montreal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of France's colonial empire in North America?

    <p>New France</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many colonists did Samuel de Champlain sail with to North America?

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributed to the colony's prosperity?

    <p>The numerous families in the colony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was searching for a northwest sea route to Asia?

    <p>Henry Hudson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the Dutch trading post on Manhattan Island?

    <p>New Amsterdam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of privateers?

    <p>To act on behalf of their governments and attack enemy merchant ships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was unique about Edward B. Teach?

    <p>He had a prominent beard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the company granted permission to colonize the region by the Dutch government?

    <p>The Dutch West India Company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Henry Hudson's voyages?

    <p>He explored three waterways that were later named for him</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the difference between privateers and pirates?

    <p>Privateers were government-sponsored and pirates were not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Blackbeard do to frighten his victims?

    <p>Stuck lighted matches under his hat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason for the Dutch company's slow growth in attracting colonists?

    <p>The company was slow to open its doors to other European settlers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main motivation behind the colonization of the Caribbean?

    <p>To build huge cotton and sugar plantations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason for the English king's decision to drive out the Dutch?

    <p>New Netherland separated the English northern and southern colonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following islands was NOT seized by the French?

    <p>Barbados</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary source of labor for the cotton and sugar plantations in the Caribbean?

    <p>Enslaved Africans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the Dutch colony in North America?

    <p>New Netherland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was granted permission to drive out the Dutch from New Netherland?

    <p>The Duke of York</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome when the Duke of York's fleet arrived at New Netherland?

    <p>The Dutch surrendered without firing a shot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who claimed the colony of New Netherland for England?

    <p>The Duke of York</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the original name of the colony that was renamed New York?

    <p>New Netherland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the body of water located near the colony of New York?

    <p>Hudson Bay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the latitude of the Arctic Circle?

    <p>60°N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following regions is NOT claimed by any European power?

    <p>Unclaimed Territory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the island located near the coast of North America?

    <p>Newfoundland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the longitude of the prime meridian?

    <p>0°W</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the lake located near the Hudson Bay?

    <p>Lake Winnipeg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What year is marked on the map as a significant event?

    <p>1763</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the ocean referred to in the diagram?

    <p>Atlantic Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviated label for 'Atlantic' in the diagram?

    <p>R.ATLANTIC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the orientation of the label 'OCEAN' in the diagram?

    <p>Vertical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between 'Col' and 'OCEAN' in the diagram?

    <p>Col is a part of OCEAN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of 'R.R.R' in the diagram?

    <p>It has no specific significance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the label 'INA' most likely referring to in the diagram?

    <p>Indian Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    European Explorers

    • Giovanni da Verrazzano, an Italian in the service of France, sailed to North America in 1524 in search of a sea route to the Pacific.
    • Verrazzano discovered what is today New York harbor.
    • Frenchman Jacques Cartier reached a gulf off the eastern coast of Canada that led to a broad river, which he named the St. Lawrence.
    • Cartier followed the river inward and named a large island Mont Real (Mount Royal), which later became known as Montreal.

    New France

    • In 1608, Samuel de Champlain sailed up the St. Lawrence with about 32 colonists and founded Quebec, which became the base of France's colonial empire in North America.
    • The French moved further into the North American continent, and in 1673, French Jesuit priest Jacques Marquette and trader Louis Joliet explored the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi River.

    Dutch Colonization

    • The Dutch followed the English and French into North America, and in 1609, Henry Hudson, an Englishman in the service of the Netherlands, sailed west in search of a northwest sea route to Asia.
    • Hudson did not find a route, but explored three waterways that were later named for him: the Hudson River, Hudson Bay, and Hudson Strait.
    • The Dutch claimed the region along these waterways, established a fur trade with the Iroquois Indians, and built trading posts along the Hudson River at Fort Orange (now Albany) and on Manhattan Island.
    • The Dutch West India Company was formed, and in 1621, the Dutch government granted the company permission to colonize the region.
    • The Dutch holdings in North America became known as New Netherland.

    Pirates and Privateers

    • Privately owned armed ships, known as privateers, attacked merchant ships of enemy nations and sank or robbed them on behalf of their governments.
    • Pirates also roamed the high seas, attacking ships for their valuables and not caring what nation the vessels represented.
    • One of the best-known pirates was Edward B. Teach, also known as Blackbeard.

    Colonizing the Caribbean

    • During the 1600s, the nations of Europe also colonized the Caribbean, with the French seizing control of present-day Haiti, Guadeloupe, and Martinique.
    • The English settled Barbados and Jamaica, and the Dutch captured what are now the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba from Spain.
    • On these islands, the Europeans built huge cotton and sugar plantations, which demanded a large and steady supply of labor that was eventually supplied by enslaved Africans.

    Struggle for North America

    • The English, French, and Dutch battled one another for colonial supremacy in North America.
    • The English ousted the Dutch from New Netherland, which was renamed New York.
    • The English, French, and Dutch continued to expand their settlements and explore the continent.

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    Description

    Learn about the Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano and the French explorer Jacques Cartier who sailed to North America in search of a sea route to the Pacific.

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