Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which Italian explorer sailed to North America in search of a sea route to the Pacific?
Which Italian explorer sailed to North America in search of a sea route to the Pacific?
- Samuel de Champlain
- Jacques Cartier
- Louis Joliet
- Giovanni da Verrazzano (correct)
What is the name of the harbor that Giovanni da Verrazzano discovered?
What is the name of the harbor that Giovanni da Verrazzano discovered?
- New York harbor (correct)
- St. Lawrence harbor
- Montreal harbor
- Quebec harbor
What is the name of the river that Jacques Cartier followed inward?
What is the name of the river that Jacques Cartier followed inward?
- Great Lakes River
- Pacific River
- St. Lawrence River (correct)
- Mississippi River
What is the name of the city that Samuel de Champlain founded in 1608?
What is the name of the city that Samuel de Champlain founded in 1608?
Who explored the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi River?
Who explored the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi River?
What is the name of the island that Jacques Cartier named Mont Real?
What is the name of the island that Jacques Cartier named Mont Real?
What was the name of France's colonial empire in North America?
What was the name of France's colonial empire in North America?
How many colonists did Samuel de Champlain sail with to North America?
How many colonists did Samuel de Champlain sail with to North America?
What contributed to the colony's prosperity?
What contributed to the colony's prosperity?
Who was searching for a northwest sea route to Asia?
Who was searching for a northwest sea route to Asia?
What was the name of the Dutch trading post on Manhattan Island?
What was the name of the Dutch trading post on Manhattan Island?
What was the main purpose of privateers?
What was the main purpose of privateers?
What was unique about Edward B. Teach?
What was unique about Edward B. Teach?
What was the name of the company granted permission to colonize the region by the Dutch government?
What was the name of the company granted permission to colonize the region by the Dutch government?
What was the result of Henry Hudson's voyages?
What was the result of Henry Hudson's voyages?
What was the difference between privateers and pirates?
What was the difference between privateers and pirates?
What did Blackbeard do to frighten his victims?
What did Blackbeard do to frighten his victims?
What was the primary reason for the Dutch company's slow growth in attracting colonists?
What was the primary reason for the Dutch company's slow growth in attracting colonists?
What was the main motivation behind the colonization of the Caribbean?
What was the main motivation behind the colonization of the Caribbean?
What was the primary reason for the English king's decision to drive out the Dutch?
What was the primary reason for the English king's decision to drive out the Dutch?
Which of the following islands was NOT seized by the French?
Which of the following islands was NOT seized by the French?
What was the primary source of labor for the cotton and sugar plantations in the Caribbean?
What was the primary source of labor for the cotton and sugar plantations in the Caribbean?
What was the name of the Dutch colony in North America?
What was the name of the Dutch colony in North America?
Who was granted permission to drive out the Dutch from New Netherland?
Who was granted permission to drive out the Dutch from New Netherland?
What was the outcome when the Duke of York's fleet arrived at New Netherland?
What was the outcome when the Duke of York's fleet arrived at New Netherland?
Who claimed the colony of New Netherland for England?
Who claimed the colony of New Netherland for England?
What was the original name of the colony that was renamed New York?
What was the original name of the colony that was renamed New York?
What is the name of the body of water located near the colony of New York?
What is the name of the body of water located near the colony of New York?
What is the latitude of the Arctic Circle?
What is the latitude of the Arctic Circle?
Which of the following regions is NOT claimed by any European power?
Which of the following regions is NOT claimed by any European power?
What is the name of the island located near the coast of North America?
What is the name of the island located near the coast of North America?
What is the longitude of the prime meridian?
What is the longitude of the prime meridian?
What is the name of the lake located near the Hudson Bay?
What is the name of the lake located near the Hudson Bay?
What year is marked on the map as a significant event?
What year is marked on the map as a significant event?
What is the name of the ocean referred to in the diagram?
What is the name of the ocean referred to in the diagram?
What is the abbreviated label for 'Atlantic' in the diagram?
What is the abbreviated label for 'Atlantic' in the diagram?
What is the orientation of the label 'OCEAN' in the diagram?
What is the orientation of the label 'OCEAN' in the diagram?
What is the relationship between 'Col' and 'OCEAN' in the diagram?
What is the relationship between 'Col' and 'OCEAN' in the diagram?
What is the significance of 'R.R.R' in the diagram?
What is the significance of 'R.R.R' in the diagram?
What is the label 'INA' most likely referring to in the diagram?
What is the label 'INA' most likely referring to in the diagram?
Study Notes
European Explorers
- Giovanni da Verrazzano, an Italian in the service of France, sailed to North America in 1524 in search of a sea route to the Pacific.
- Verrazzano discovered what is today New York harbor.
- Frenchman Jacques Cartier reached a gulf off the eastern coast of Canada that led to a broad river, which he named the St. Lawrence.
- Cartier followed the river inward and named a large island Mont Real (Mount Royal), which later became known as Montreal.
New France
- In 1608, Samuel de Champlain sailed up the St. Lawrence with about 32 colonists and founded Quebec, which became the base of France's colonial empire in North America.
- The French moved further into the North American continent, and in 1673, French Jesuit priest Jacques Marquette and trader Louis Joliet explored the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi River.
Dutch Colonization
- The Dutch followed the English and French into North America, and in 1609, Henry Hudson, an Englishman in the service of the Netherlands, sailed west in search of a northwest sea route to Asia.
- Hudson did not find a route, but explored three waterways that were later named for him: the Hudson River, Hudson Bay, and Hudson Strait.
- The Dutch claimed the region along these waterways, established a fur trade with the Iroquois Indians, and built trading posts along the Hudson River at Fort Orange (now Albany) and on Manhattan Island.
- The Dutch West India Company was formed, and in 1621, the Dutch government granted the company permission to colonize the region.
- The Dutch holdings in North America became known as New Netherland.
Pirates and Privateers
- Privately owned armed ships, known as privateers, attacked merchant ships of enemy nations and sank or robbed them on behalf of their governments.
- Pirates also roamed the high seas, attacking ships for their valuables and not caring what nation the vessels represented.
- One of the best-known pirates was Edward B. Teach, also known as Blackbeard.
Colonizing the Caribbean
- During the 1600s, the nations of Europe also colonized the Caribbean, with the French seizing control of present-day Haiti, Guadeloupe, and Martinique.
- The English settled Barbados and Jamaica, and the Dutch captured what are now the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba from Spain.
- On these islands, the Europeans built huge cotton and sugar plantations, which demanded a large and steady supply of labor that was eventually supplied by enslaved Africans.
Struggle for North America
- The English, French, and Dutch battled one another for colonial supremacy in North America.
- The English ousted the Dutch from New Netherland, which was renamed New York.
- The English, French, and Dutch continued to expand their settlements and explore the continent.
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Description
Learn about the Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano and the French explorer Jacques Cartier who sailed to North America in search of a sea route to the Pacific.
